Metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells provides energy and multiple intermediates critical for cell growth. Hypoxia in tumors represents a hostile environment that can encourage these transformations. We report that glycogen metabolism is upregulated in tumors in vivo and in cancer cells in vitro in response to hypoxia. In vitro, hypoxia induced an early accumulation of glycogen, followed by a...

This study examined the effect of the type, amount, and the frequency of feeding of carbohydrates on muscle glycogen resynthesis after running. Trained male runners performed a 16.1 km run at 80% VO2 max to decrease gastrocnemius glycogen levels. A complex or simple carbohydrate diet (approximately 3000 kcal) resulted in similar muscle glycogen levels 24 h after exercise. Forty-eight hours afte...

Performing exercise in a glycogen depleted state increases skeletal muscle lipid utilization and the transcription of genes regulating mitochondrial β-oxidation. Potential candidates for glycogen-mediated metabolic adaptation are the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and the transcription factor/nuclear receptor PPAR-∂. It was therefore the aim of the pre...

Both glycogen and amylopectin are branched chain polyglucosides. A differentiation has most often been made on the basis of differences in the degree of branching of the two polysaccharides. For large molecular weight, highly ramified structures like glycogen and amylopectin, the number of branch points may be considered to be equal to the number of terminal, non-reducing glucose residues (end-...

Rats from the NZR/Mh strain have a genetically-determined deficiency of phosphorylase b kinase activity in the liver which in homozygotes &d/g@ produces a poor activation of glycogen phosphorylase and very high liver glycogen concentrations [I]. They also have low active glycogen synthase activities [l] and previous studies on liver homogenates have shown an inhibition of glycogen synthasephosp...

To examine the mechanism by which muscle glycogen limits its own synthesis, muscle glycogen and glucose 6-phosphate (G-6-P) concentrations were measured in seven healthy volunteers during a euglycemic ( approximately 5.5 mM)-hyperinsulinemic ( approximately 450 pM) clamp using (13)C/(31)P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy before and after a muscle glycogen loading protocol. Rates of glyco...

mycelium from 24 h, reaching a maximum at 3-4 days then dcclining by day seven. Electron micrographs of the mycelium at later times was complicated by the state of the mycelium, but few granules could be seen. The granules, which were 100-400 A in diameter, appeared to be polysaccharide on the basis of periodic acid-thiocarbohydrazide-silver proteinate staining [ 21. Large amounts of lipid mate...

Glycogen phosphorylase has been purified from rabbit liver by a simplified procedure which depends on the initial separation of the enzyme from a crude extract by centrifuging it as a complex with particulate glycogen. Initial rates have been measured with varied concentrations of both substrates in each reaction direction. The data were analyzed with double reciprocal plots and secondary plots...

Message 1. A., having established that the biological significance of glycogen has not yet been sufficiently clarified, ascribes to it only participation in sugar metabolism, but also other functions. Studying essence eclampsia, Murakami undertook a study clarify hypothesis about specific effect placental on toxic products formed during pregnancy and found 1) solution liver placenta reveals cer...