Early investigations of the size of glycogen by osmotic pressure measurements indicated molecular weights of 500,000 to 3,500,OOO for this substance (1, 2). Since that time several studies of glycogen have been made in the ultracentrifuge. Bridgman (3) reported that rabbit liver glycogen is inhomogeneous .with the maximum component, having a sedimentation constant of about 70 S and exhibiting a...

Glycogen is the storage form of carbohydrates in mammals. In humans the majority of glycogen is stored in skeletal muscles (∼500 g) and the liver (∼100 g). Food is supplied in larger meals, but the blood glucose concentration has to be kept within narrow limits to survive and stay healthy. Therefore, the body has to cope with periods of excess carbohydrates and periods without supplementation. ...

Liver glycogen and lipid, ovarian glycogen, and lipid index were used as criteria to elucidate energy changes associated with reproduction and biphasic pattern of dormancy (summer and winter) in the female forg, Rana tigrina. Liver glycogen showed 2 peaks; the ovarian glycogen showed reciprocal relationship with that of liver. The liver lipid and glycogen showed parallel trend.

Depletion of muscle glycogen is considered a limiting performance factor during prolonged exercise, whereas the role of the intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) pool is not yet fully understood. We examined 1) intramyocellular glycogen and lipid utilization during prolonged exercise, 2) resynthesis of muscle glycogen and lipids during recovery, and 3) changes in glycogen content between nonexercising ...

13C NMR spectroscopy was used to assess flux rates of hepatic glycogen synthase and phosphorylase in overnight-fasted subjects under one of four hypoglucagonemic conditions: protocol I, hyperglycemic (approximately 10 mM) -hypoinsulinemia (approximately 40 pM); protocol II, euglycemic (approximately 5 mM) -hyperinsulinemia (approximately 400 pM); protocol III, hyperglycemic (approximately 10 mM...

OBJECTIVE Lactobacillus dominates the lower genital tract microbiota of many women, producing a low vaginal pH, and is important for healthy pregnancy outcomes and protection against several sexually transmitted pathogens. Yet, factors that promote Lactobacillus remain poorly understood. We hypothesized that the amount of free glycogen in the lumen of the lower genital tract is an important det...

The involvement of brain glycogen in the progress of chronic stress-induced impairment of hippocampal astrocyte structural plasticity and depression-like behavior is yet to be clarified. The present study designed three experiments to determine the role of brain glycogen in the plasticity and behavioral consequences of chronic stress. Time course studies on brain glycogen, astrocytes, and behav...

In prokaryotic species equipped with glycogen metabolism machinery, the co-regulation of glycogen biosynthesis and degradation has been associated with the synthesis of energy storage compounds and various crucial physiological functions, including global cellular processes such as carbon and nitrogen metabolism, energy sensing and production, stress response and cell-cell communication. In add...

The role of increased glucose transport in the hormonal regulation of glycogen synthase by insulin was investigated in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Insulin treatment stimulated glycogen synthase activity 4-5-fold in these cells. Cytosolic glycogen synthase levels decreased by 75% in response to insulin, whereas, conversely, the glycogenolytic agent isoproterenol increased cytosolic enzyme levels by 200%....