Proper gonadal function in mammals depends on gonadotropins secreted from the pituitary gland in a pulsatile manner. The hypothalamus, in turn, controls the secretion of gonadotropins by the pulsatile secretion of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) into the portal circulation of the pituitary. The idea of brain control over the hypophysis was first postulated by Geoffrey Harris during the la...

In-vitro maturation is a technique used to perform assisted reproduction in women with high ovarian reserve, who are at risk for ovarian stimulation. With this technique occasionally 3-4 days of gonadotropins are planned to enlarge the follicles and aid in oocyte collection. Human choreinonic gonadotropin is also given to ease the collection. These few days of ovarian stimulation were felt to b...

Clinical utilization of ovulation stimulation to facilitate the ability of a couple to conceive has not only provided a valuable therapeutic approach, but has also yielded extensive information on the physiology of ovarian follicular recruitment, endometrial receptivity and early embryo competency. One of the consequences of the use of fertility enhancing agents for ovarian stimulation has been...

The steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, cytochrome P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme and specific 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/delta5-delta4 isomerases initiate the essential process of steroidogenesis in the gonads. Testicular and ovarian expression of their respective genes, STARD1, CYP11A1 and gonadal HSD3B, is primarily controlled by gonadotropins with contributions by v...

Background Levels of serum gonadotropins have direct effects on testicular functions and spermatogenesis. Assessment of levels of serum gonadotropins from fathered subjects and infertile patients indicates wide range diversity. In this study, we tried to find out whether the levels of seminal FSH and LH affect the parameters of seminal fluid analysis (SFA) and if there is any correlation betwee...

Recent research studies associate elevated gonadotropin levels with dementia. Specifically, an age associated increase in levels of luteinizing hormone has been linked to an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between gonadotropin levels and cognition in older, healthy postmenopausal women. Cognitive functioning was compared with...

One of the major problems in studies on gonadotropin(GTH)is to use the appropriate assay method. While numerous methods of bio-assay for GTH were used by many workers, one of those was based on the weight-increases of gonad and accessory sexual organ of assay animals, and this might be classified into following three groups according to the species of assay animals;rat, mouse and chick method. ...