This is a replacement paper. Some of the conclusions from statistical graph theory are reiterated in the sixth section, but not fully resolved therein. Most of the redundancies in the later sections have been deleted. An important number-theoretical technique in the opening section relates to one of the main techniques in the last (sixth) section.

A tree is a vertex-edge graph that is connected and contains no cycles. A 4−equitable labeling of a graph is an assignment of labels {0, 1, 2, 3} to the vertices. The edge labels are the absolute difference of the labels of the vertices that they are incident to. The labels must be distributed as evenly as possible amongst the vertices and they must also be distributed as evenly as possible amo...

In this paper, we show that the class of Extended Duplicate Graph of a Twig is Graceful and Skolem-graceful. AMS SUBJECT CLASSIFICATION: 05C78.

A (p, q) connected graph is edge-odd graceful graph if there exists an injective map f: E(G) → {1, 3, ..., 2q-1} so that induced map f+: V(G) → {0, 1,2, 3, ..., (2k-1)}defined by f+(x)  f(x, y) (mod 2k), where the vertex x is incident with other vertex y and k = max {p, q} makes all the edges distinct and odd. In this article, the Edgeodd gracefulness of strong product of P2 and Cn is obtaine...

A (p, q) connected graph is edge-odd graceful graph if there exists an injective map f: E(G) → {1, 3, ..., 2q-1} so that induced map f+: V(G) → {0, 1,2, 3, ..., (2k-1)}defined by f+(x)  f(x, y) (mod 2k), where the vertex x is incident with other vertex y and k = max {p, q} makes all the edges distinct Reference A.Solairaju and K.Chitra Edge-odd graceful labeling of some graphs “ Electronics N...

A (p, q) connected graph is edge-odd graceful graph if there exists an injective map f: E(G) → {1, 3, ..., 2q-1} so that induced map f+: V(G) → {0, 1,2, 3, ..., (2k-1)}defined by f+(x)  f(x, y) (mod 2k), where the vertex x is incident with other vertex y and k = max {p, q} makes all the edges distinct Reference A.Solairaju and K.Chitra Edge-odd graceful labeling of some graphs “ Electronics N...

A graph of size n is said to be graceful when is possible toassign distinct integers from {0, 1, . . . , n} to its verticesand {|f(u)−f(v)| : uv ∈ E(G)} consists of n integers. Inthis paper we present broader families of graceful graphs; these families are obtained via three different operations: the third power of a caterpillar, the symmetric product of G and K2 , and the disjoint union of G a...

A (p, q) connected graph is edge-odd graceful graph if there exists an injective map f: E(G) → {1, 3, ..., 2q-1} so that induced map f+: V(G) → {0, 1,2, 3, ..., (2k-1)}defined by f+(x)  f(x, y) (mod 2k), where the vertex x is incident with other vertex y and k = max {p, q} makes all the edges distinct Reference A.Solairaju and K.Chitra Edge-odd graceful labeling of some graphs “ Electronics N...

A (p, q) connected graph is edge-odd graceful graph if there exists an injective map f: E(G) → {1, 3, ..., 2q-1} so that induced map f+: V(G) → {0, 1,2, 3, ..., (2k-1)}defined by f+(x)  f(x, y) (mod 2k), where the vertex x is incident with other vertex y and k = max {p, q} makes all the edges distinct Reference A.Solairaju and K.Chitra Edge-odd graceful labeling of some graphs “ Electronics N...

A (p, q) connected graph is edge-odd graceful graph if there exists an injective map f: E(G) → {1, 3, ..., 2q-1} so that induced map f+: V(G) → {0, 1,2, 3, ..., (2k-1)}defined by f+(x)  f(x, y) (mod 2k), where the vertex x is incident with other vertex y and k = max {p, q} makes all the edges distinct Reference A.Solairaju and K.Chitra Edge-odd graceful labeling of some graphs “ Electronics N...