BACKGROUND Graduated driver licensing (GDL) adds an intermediate stage to driver licensing between the learner permit and full licensure stages that is intended to ameliorate the high risk of novice drivers. OBJECTIVES To assess the contribution of various elements of GDL to reduction in the crash rates of young novice drivers. METHODS An extensive review of the literature was undertaken to...

Graduate Students C. Coelho, Research Assistant (Graduated), EECS, B. Kim, Research Assistant, S. Kuo, Research Assistant (Graduated), EECS, J.H. Lee, Research Assistant, EECS, L. Proctor, Research Assistant, ME, H. Reid, Research Assistant, Physics, L.H. Tan, SMA Student, D. Vasilyev, Research Assistant, EECS, L. Zhang, Research Assistant, EECS, Xu Song, Research Assistant (Graduated), CDO, Br...

Future unmanned vehicles systems will invert the operator-to-vehicle ratio so that one operator controls a decentralized network of heterogeneous unmanned vehicles. This study examines the impact of allowing an operator to adjust the rate of prompts to view automation-generated plans on system performance and operator workload. Results showed that the majority of operators chose to adjust the r...

We propose a weighted common subgraph (WCS) matching algorithm to find the most similar subgraphs in two labeled weighted graphs. WCS matching, as a natural generalization of the equal-sized graph matching or subgraph matching, finds wide applications in many computer vision and machine learning tasks. In this paper, the WCS matching is first formulated as a combinatorial optimization problem o...

Abstract Courts and scholars have interpreted open-ended legal norms as imposing due diligence obligations on States other entities to mitigate climate change. These can be applied in two alternative ways: through holistic decisions, where courts determine the level of mitigation action required defendants; or atomistic identify some measures that defendant must take. This article shows that, w...

We used a graduated guidance procedure to teach 4 boys with autism to follow photographic activity schedules to increase on-task and on-schedule behavior. The multiple baseline across participants design included baseline, teaching, maintenance, resequencing of photographs, and generalization to novel photographs phases. The results indicated that photographic activity schedules (albums depicti...

The current study used a video prompting plus least-to-most prompting treatment package to teach a 35-year-old Caucasian man with Down Syndrome three leisure skills. Each leisure skill was task analyzed and the researchers created brief videos depicting the completion of individual steps. Using a multiple probe across behaviors design, the video prompting intervention was introduced for paintin...

Young drivers in Israel, as in other parts of the world, are at an elevated risk of being involved in car crashes more than any other age group. A Graduated Driver Licensing System (GDL) has been introduced in Israel, requiring new drivers to be accompanied by an experienced driver during the first 3 months after obtaining a driving license. In an effort to ensure the effectiveness of the accom...