Instructional technology is rapidly expanding into all levels of our society from a wide variety of government and educational institutions to corporate enterprises. We currently have unprecedented access to information and resources, yet with all the advances in technology and profusion of web sites, there is no standard on how to transform this deluge of content into instruction using technol...

Human infants develop language remarkably rapidly and without overt instruction. We argue that the distinctive ontogenesis of child language arises from the interplay of three factors: domain-specific principles of language (Universal Grammar), external experience, and properties of non-linguistic domains of cognition including general learning mechanisms and principles of efficient computation...

Avatars, representations of people in virtual environments, are subject to human control. However, for most applications, it is impractical for a person to directly control each joint in a complex avatar. Rather, people must be allowed to specify complex behaviours with simple instructions and the avatar permitted to select the correct movements in sequence to execute the instruction. This requ...

Speech recognition under noisy environment is one of the hottest topic in the speech recognition research. In this paper, we propose a method to improve accuracy of spoken dialog system from a dialog strategy point of view. In the proposed method, the dialog system automatically changes its dialog strategy according to the estimated recognition accuracy in noisy environment in order to keep the...

I N T R O D U C T I O N Style in language is more than just surface appeaxance, on the contrary, it is an essential part of the meaning conveyed by the writer. A computational theory of style could be of great use in many computational linguistics applications. A system that is 'stylistically aware' could analyze the writer's stylistic intent and understand the complex interaction of choices th...

Background: English for Specific Purposes (ESP) courses should empower students to satisfy their language needs. However, at many Iranian universities, these courses are mostly taught based on the Grammar Translation Method focusing on teaching grammatical rules and reading comprehension. The present study aims at proposing an innovative approach for teaching English to Medical students that ca...

Since the emergence of the process-oriented approach to second language writing instruction two main questions have been what and how error feedback should be given to the students. The question of whether teachers should provide feedback on grammar in the writing assignments of English as a foreign language students, and if so how, has been a matter of considerable debate in the field of secon...

This chapter examines second-language sentence production both as a skill and as an on-line process by measuring relationships among linguistic and content characteristics of language samples both between and within participants. Written language samples were obtained from high school students enrolled in an intermediate-level English as a Second Language (ESL) class with embedded science instr...

We describe an approach to hardware/software co-design that starts with a high-level specification of a target machine and a synchronous data flow representation of an algorithm. The instruction set description is translated into a netlist-level machine description. A set of independent tools successively transform the algorithm into a program for the target processor. We employ the machine des...