ABSTRACT Xylella fastidiosa causes Pierce's disease, a serious disease of grape, citrus variegated chlorosis, almond and oleander leaf scorches, and many other similar diseases. Although the complete genome sequences of several strains of this organism are now available, the function of most genes in this organism, especially those conferring virulence, is lacking. Attachment of X. fastidiosa t...

In this study Illumina MiSeq was performed to investigate microbial diversity in soil, leaves, grape, grape juice and wine. A total of 1,043,102 fungal Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) reads and 2,422,188 high quality bacterial 16S rDNA sequences were used for taxonomic classification, revealed five fungal and eight bacterial phyla. At the genus level, the dominant fungi were Ascomycota, Sorda...

Th e infl uence of partial defoliation performed at diff erent grapevine growth stages on yield components, vegetative growth and fruit composition of ‘Istrian Malvasia’ (‘Malvazija istarska’) vines was investigated. During two consecutive seasons partial defoliation was performed manually at three grapevine growth stages; before bloom (BB), aft er bloom (AB), and at the beginning of bunch clos...

Plastids in the leaf epidermal cells of plants are regarded as immature chloroplasts that, like mesophyll chloroplasts, undergo binary fission. While mesophyll chloroplasts have generally been used to study plastid division, recent studies have suggested the presence of tissue- or plastid type-dependent regulation of plastid division. Here, we report the detailed morphology of plastids and thei...

Development of electronic technologies for precise identification fruit crop cultivars in agricultural production provides an effective means assuring product quality and authentication. The capabilities discriminating between grape (Vitis vinifera L.) is essential certification varieties sold world markets. Machine olfaction, based on electronic-nose (e-nose) technologies, readily available ra...

We overview the GRAPE (GRAvity piPE) project. The goal of the GRAPE project is to accelerate the astrophysical N -body simulations. Since almost all computing time is spent for the evaluation of the gravitational force between particles, we can greatly accelerate many N -body simulations by developing a specialized hardware for the force calculation. In 1989, the first such hardware, GRAPE-1, w...

The aim of this review is to discuss the accumulating evidence that suggests that grape extracts and purified grape polyphenols possess a diverse array of biological actions and may be beneficial in the prevention of some inflammatory-mediated diseases including cardiovascular disease. The active components from grape extracts, which include the grape seed, grape skin, and grape juice, that hav...

Analyses of host plant resistance / susceptibility mechanisms to Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) infection are critical for understanding host-pathogen interactions. Proteomic analyses of stem tissue and xylem sap samples were initiated to complement genomic approaches employed in elucidating Pierce’s disease resistance mechanisms. Samples from one highly resistant and two susceptible grape genotypes w...

To understand the adaptation of grape rootstocks commonly used in major grape production areas worldwide to Florida, where Pierce’s dsease (PD) is the primary limiting factor in grape production, ten important grape rootstocks were cultivated at the experimental vineyard, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida. Disease resistance and symptoms and growing performance were evaluated. PD sym...