Bed elevation, feature adjustments, and spawning use were monitored at three Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tschawytscha) spawning habitat rehabilitation sites to measure project longevity in a regulated river. Sites enhanced with 649–1323 m of gravel lost from 3–20% of remaining gravel volume annually during controlled flows of 8–70 m/s and 2.6–4.6% of placed material during a short-duration (19...

A 0.9 km-reach of Uvas Creek, California, was reconstructed as a sinuous, meandering channel in November 1995. In February 1996, this new channel washed out. We reviewed project documents to determine the basis for the project design and conducted our own historical geomorphological study to understand the processes operating in the catchment and project reach. The project was designed using a ...

In the Discrete Element modelling of soils, micromechanical behaviour at contacts has often been considered to have a minor influence on macromechanical response, leaving basic theoretical models (e.g., Hertz) describe contact response in normal direction. A realistic description may be crucial especially when investigating small strain ranges. Recent experimental inter-particle loading tests g...

Two controlled flow events were generated by releasing water from a reservoir into the Olewiger Bach, located near Trier, Germany. This controlled release of near bank-full flows allowed an investigation of the fine sediment (<63 μm) mobilized from channel storage. Both a winter (November) and a summer (June) release event were generated, each having very different antecedent flow conditions. T...

Nonglacial deposits Artificial fill (Holocene)—Mud, sand, and gravel of varying proportions, possibly including foreign debris such as concrete, logs, timbers, or brick. Used for highway roadbeds and other construction. Thickness generally greater than 2 m. Mapped where fill substantially obscures or has altered original geologic deposit. Beach deposits (Holocene)—Soft sand, silt, and mud depos...

The relation between the equivalent roughness and different grain size percentiles of the sediment in gravel-bed rivers was determined under the hypothesis that the vertical distribution of the flow velocity follows a logarithmic law. A set of 954 data points was selected from rivers with gravel size sediment or larger, with a non-sinuous alignment and free of vegetation or obstacles. According...

Bedload sheets are low-amplitude bedforms the are formed by sorting patterns in mixed-size sediment (gravel or gravel-sand mixtures). The features have been functionally linked to dune forms developed in sandy sediments and gravel dunes formed in river channels. There have been a number of attempts to place bedload sheets on extended versions of the bedform phase diagrams used to predict sand b...

Based on large-scale triaxial tests of sandy gravel materials, the strength and deformation characteristics under loading/unloading conditions are analyzed. At same time, applicability hyperbolic constitutive model to is studied using experimental data. The results indicate that low confining pressures (0.2 0.4 MPa) shows a weak softening trend; higher pressure, more obvious hardening tendency ...