We show that Liouville gravity arises as the limit of pure Einstein gravity in 2+ ε dimensions as ε goes to zero, provided Newton’s constant scales with ε. Our procedure – spherical reduction, dualization, limit, dualizing back – passes several consistency tests: geometric properties, interactions with matter and the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy are as expected from Einstein gravity. Platinum Jub...

We inverse the surface gravity data to recover subsurface 3D density distribution with two strategy. In the first strategy, we assumed wide density model bound for inverting gravity data and In the second strategy, the inversion procedure have been carried out by limited bound density. Wediscretize the earth model into rectangular cells of constant andunidentified density. The number of cells i...

Allochthonous masses are common structures in Zagros fold-thrust belt. They are generally considered as collapse structures formed by the influence of gravity and in rock units with competency contrast. However, large allochthonous masses mapped in Dowgonbadan area in Dezful Embayment near the Mountain Front Fault (MFF) of Zagros show characteristics different from the belt common collapse stru...

Abstract T his paper explains bilateral trade patterns between South Korea and thirteen OPEC member countries over the period 1980-2014 using a gravity model. The estimation results show that the gravity equation fits the data reasonably well. We confirmed the existence of long term relationships between the bilateral trade flows and the main components of gravity model - ...

We show how to obtain the two dimensional black hole action by a dimensional reduction of the three dimensional Einstein action with a non-zero cosmological constant. Starting from the Chern-Simons formulation of 2+1 gravity, we obtain the 1+1-dimensional gauge formulation given by Verlinde. Remarkably, the proposed reduction shares the relevant features of the formulation of Cangemi and Jackiw...

Asymptotically exact and nonlocal third order nonlinear evolution equations are derivedfor two counterpropagating surface capillary gravity wave packets in deep water in thepresence of wind flowing over water.From these evolution equations stability analysis ismade for a uniform standing surface capillary gravity wave trains for longitudinal perturbation. Instability condition is obtained and g...

introduction: water is an essential nutrient for life. it comprises 75% of total body weight in infants,60% in adult males and 50% in adult females. decrease in body water is commonly known as dehydration. acute or chronic dehydration is a common condition in some population groups, especialy the elderly and those who participate in physical activity in warm enviroments. potential consequences ...

In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to household impoverishment in Italy. Most of works dealing with this issue are based on summary statistics, which do not capture the whole information contained in the income distribution. The paper applies a non-parametric tool, the “relative distribution”, to Italian household income data during 2002-2004. The relative density function is a...

BACKGROUND This study compares the efficiency of identifying the plants in an area of semi-arid Northeast Brazil by methods that a) access the local knowledge used in ethnobotanical studies using semi-structured interviews conducted within the entire community, an inventory interview conducted with two participants using the previously collected vegetation inventory, and a participatory worksho...