This study integrates development aid into a theoretically founded structural gravity model that considers primary and secondary effects of as an income transfer bilateral trade cost determinant. We identify the parameters our using two-stage approach includes state-of-the-art Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood estimation for sample 132 countries over period 1995 to 2012. The main findings indic...

In general relativity, the equation of motion of the spin is given by the equation of parallel transport, which is a result of the space-time geometry. Any result of the space-time geometry can not be directly applied to gauge theory of gravity. In gauge theory of gravity, based on the viewpoint of the coupling between the spin and gravitational field, an equation of motion of the spin is deduc...

Atmospheric gravity waves play fundamental roles in a broad-range of dynamical processes extending throughout the Earth’s neutral atmosphere and ionosphere. In this paper, we present a modified form for the acoustic-gravity wave equation and its dispersion relationships for a compressible and non-stationary atmosphere in hydrostatic balance. Importantly, the solutions have been achieved without...

where Lm is the matter part Lagrangian. The gravitational field equation is presented in Eq. (2) of [1]. In contrast with the situation with generalized f(φ,R) gravity in Eq. (27), the gravity with Ricci-curvature square term in the action does not have the conformal symmetry to Einstein gravity [2]. In [1] we analysed the gravitational wave and derived a fourth order differential equation. How...

To prevent further increases in energy consumption, the government of Iran commenced energy subsidy reform in 2010. This paper investigates the fuel conservation effects of the reform in Iran using a homothetic translog cost function that provides estimates of the own- and cross-price elasticities of fuel demands. The percentage reduction in fuel demands is estimated using the likely effect of ...

In this paper we construct a modeling for detection of banks which are experiencing serious problems. Sample and variable set of the study contains 30 banks of Iran during 2006-2014 and their financial ratios. Well known multivariate statistical technique (principal component analysis) was used to explore the basic financial characteristics of the banks, and discriminant Logit and Probit models ...

in this paper, economic convergence in selected oic (36 countries) is studied. the convergence hypothesis is tested through three approaches: beta convergence, sigma convergence, and time series model. ols is used for estimating the cross section model and cross variance is used to test the distributive model. for analyzing time series model, we used augmented dicky fuller test. beta convergenc...

We discuss the large N limit of the supersymmetric CP N models as an illustration of Cecotti and Vafa's tt * formalism. In this limit the 'tt * equation' becomes the long wavelength limit of the 2D Toda lattice, an equation first studied in the context of self-dual gravity. We show how simple finite temperature and large N techniques determine the relevant solution, and verify analytically that...

We prove the existence of comonotone Pareto optimal allocations when decision makers have probabilistic sophisticated variational preferences and thus representing criteria in the class of law invariant robust utilities. In contrast to previous studies, we show that optimal allocations exist also when decision makers have very different preferences, for example characterized by different domain...

A systematic method is developed to study classical motion of a mass point in gravitational gauge field. First, the formulation of gauge theory of gravity in arbitrary curvilinear coordinates is given. Then in spherical coordinates system, a spherical symmetric solution of the field equation of gravitational gauge field is obtained, which is just the Schwarzschild solution. In gauge theory of g...