Scientists and policymakers intend worldwide emissions reduction of up to 80 percent of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the next four decades to stabilize atmospheric concentrations (TRB 2011). Henceforth, an immediate response from the transportation sector, one of the largest producers of GHGs (up to 30 percent in the U.S.), is critical for GHGs reduction. Possible l...

Stabilization of atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) is a declared objective of Article 2 of the United Nations Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC, 1992). Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the most important of these gases followed by methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). Current atmospheric concentrations of CO2 are about 380 ppmv (parts per million volume) CO2 only and are somewher...

Many firms generate large amounts of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases when they burn fossil fuels in their production processes. In addition, production of raw materials and other inputs the firms procure for their operations also generates greenhouse gases indirectly. These direct and indirect greenhouse gas emissions occur in many sectors of our economies. In this paper, we first pre...

The main greenhouse gases (GHGs) producer is represented by the fossil burning systems. The paper presents the effect on the GHGs emission combined with the economic effects of a new pumping system method of automatic mixing of hot and cold water circulated with variable speed driving pumps and adjustable vanes. Considering the potential economic and environmental effects combined with the soci...

Introduction According to the National Greenhouse Gas Inventory (NGGI 2007) the agricultural sector contributes around 16% of national greenhouse gas emissions (Figure 1). The main greenhouse gases emitted from agriculture include methane lost during rumen digestion (enteric) and nitrous oxide lost from nitrogen fertilisers, animal excreta and soils (Figure 1). Agriculture accounts for 60% and ...

Crop production process utilizes input energy and produces some biomass energy as output.  During this process, greenhouse gases (GHGs) are also emitted which can make environmental risks. In this study, input and output energies, energy indices, and GHG emissions arising from inputs were estimated for wheat-cotton rotation under different tillage practices in Fars province. The study was condu...

Within the time span of 1 month in late 2009, three Federal courts in the USA issued decisions touching on the justiciability of nuisance and other common law tort claims relating to climate change. These cases demonstrate that Massachusetts v. EPA (the US Supreme Court Case involving the question of the US Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) authority to regulate greenhouse gases (GHGs) un...

Introduction Businesses are experiencing increasing demands to measure and manage greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) from regulatory bodies as well as from the market. Many consumers and investors are increasingly environmentally aware. Not only are they interested in purchasing products and services that have minimal GHG impacts, but may even be motivated to boycott companies that refuse to limit ...

The burning of fossil fuel for power generation emits Greenhouse gases into the environment. Gases (GHGs) emission is principal cause global warming. In order to regulate emissions these gases, need be assessed and quantified. Carbon footprint evaluation human activities that lead GHGs emissions. Covenant University Electricity Network during periods when utility supply fail runs on diesel powe...