Several studies have suggested that the glutathione/glutathione S-transferase (GSH/GST) system is involved in resistance of tumors toward ifosfamide and other cytostatic agents. Besides, ifosfamide metabolites (in vitro) as well as ifosfamide treatment (in vivo) have been shown to decrease cellular GSH availability. In the present study, the in vivo effects of three different ifosfamide treatme...

BACKGROUND Glutathione (GSH), a pivotal non-protein thiol, can be biosynthesized through three pathways in different organisms: (1) two consecutive enzymatic reactions catalyzed by γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (Gsh1 or GshA) and glutathione synthetase (Gsh2 or GshB); (2) a bifunctional γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase/glutathione synthetase (GshF); (3) an alternative condensation of γ-glutamyl ph...

The tripeptide thiol glutathione (GSH) has facile electron-donating capacity, linked to its sulfhydryl (-SH) group. Glutathione is an important water-phase antioxidant and essential cofactor for antioxidant enzymes; it provides protection also for the mitochondria against endogenous oxygen radicals. Its high electron-donating capacity combined with its high intracellular concentration endows GS...

A new sensitive, selective and nonexpensive electrochemical sensor was developed for electrocatalyticdetermination of glutathione (GSH)in pharmaceutical and biological samples. GSH is a tripeptide thiol present in all eukaryotic and probiotic cells. A voltammetric studyof GSH has been carried out at the surface of carbon paste electrode modified with multiwall carbon nanotubes(MWCNTPE) in the p...

PURPOSE Metabolism and transport of glutathione (GSH), the endogenous thiol antioxidant, in conjunctival tissue to date are poorly understood. The purpose of the present study was to define transport characteristics of GSH in primary cultured rabbit conjunctival epithelial cells (RCECs). METHODS RCECs were grown on membrane filters to exhibit tight barrier properties (transepithelial electric...

Reduced glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant non-protein thiol in mammalian cells and the preferred substrate for several enzymes in xenobiotic metabolism and antioxidant defense. It plays an important role in many cellular processes, such as cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. GSH deficiency has been observed in aging and in a wide range of pathologies, including neurodegenera...

1,3-Butadiene (BD), a gas used widely in production and synthesis of rubber, plastics, and resins, is metabolized to three different epoxide metabolites: butadiene monoxide (BMO), butadiene bisoxide (BBO) and epoxybutanediol (ED). We have examined the role of stereochemistry in the chemical and enzyme-mediated conjugation of R- and S-BMO; RR-, SS-, and meso-BBO; and SR-, RS-, RR-, and SS-ED wit...

In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants is acknowledged to result in disease development and progression. Cigarette smoke (CS) is known to deplete total glutathione (GSH + GSSG) in the airways. We hypothesized that components in the gaseous phase of CS may irreversibly react with GSH to form GSH derivatives that cannot be red...

This study was designed to examine the synthesis and possible secretion of glutathione (GSH) in the S1, S2, and S3 segments of the rabbit proximal tubule. GSH synthesis and secretion rates were measured in the three segments of the proximal tubule, using the isolated perfused renal tubule technique. Tritiated (3H) glycine was perfused into segments and synthesized[Formula: see text]GSH (3H on t...