This paper describes the GSM voice confidentiality cipher A5/1 and surveys a set of attacks against it. The attacks clearly demonstrate that A5/1 does not provide sufficient levels of security for protecting the confidentiality of GSM voice traffic.

The paper "Real time atomization of agricultural environment for social modernization of Indian agricultural system" using ARM7 and GSM' is focused on automizing the the irrigation system for social walfare of Indian agricultural system and also to provide adequate irrigation in particular area. The set up consists of ARM7TDMI core, which is a 32-bit microprocessor, GSM serves as an important p...

The paper “ARM Based Agricultural Field Monitoring System using GSM” is mainly focused on modernizing the irrigation technology in agriculture and also to provide adequate irrigation in particular area. The set up consists of mainly ARM7TDMI core and GSM. GSM serves as an important part as it is responsible for controlling the irrigation on field and sends them to the receiver through coded sig...

Gastrin stimulates the growth of gastric mucosa by increasing mostly its glandular region but is not known to induce the growth of a pit region where its major constituent cells, gastric surface mucous (GSM) cells, turn over rapidly. To investigate the effect of gastrin on GSM cells, we generated hypergastrinemic mice by expressing a human gastrin transgene. We obtained a hypergastrinemic mouse...

 Poor accuracy of frequency references used in GSM Base Transceiver Stations (BTS) can lead to dropped calls, slow handover between cells and even co-channel interference. In this paper, we report some results of an experimental trial carried out in the Omnitel-Vodafone test plant in Milano (Italy). In authors' knowledge, this is the first paper confirming with experimental data that lack of B...

In real-life applications, errors in the speech recognition system are mainly due to inefficient detection of speech Ž . segments, unreliable rejection of Out-Of-Vocabulary OOV words, and insufficient account of noise and transmission channel effects. In this paper, we review a set of techniques developed at CNET in order to increase the robustness to mismatches between training and testing con...

This paper describes a multi-rate codec family developed as a potential candidate for the GSM Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR) codec standard. The codec family consists of the GSM Enhanced Full Rate (EFR) codec [I] and lower bit-rate extensions thereof: The codec family consists of several codecs, i.e., modes that have different bit-rate partitionings between source coding and error protection. All th...

The Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) is a popular mobile communication standard. GSM networks collect personal communication information required for the billing of its subscribers. These communication records, known as Call Data Records (CDRs), may infringe on basic subscriber privacy principles as personal details of performed network events are managed and stored by the serving G...

It has been nearly 60 years since the introduction of Gough–Stewart manipulator (GSM). With advantages superior load capacity and high precision, GSM still plays an important role in many fields. However, limitations such as a small workspace complex singularities. To overcome these problems, novel kinematically redundant parallel robot is designed with three actuators added on basis GSM. First...