The GSM system has become the most popular system for mobile communication in the world. Criminals commonly use GSM phones, and it is therefore a need for forensic investigators to understand which evidence can be obtained from the GSM system. This paper briefly explains the basics of the GSM system. Evidence items that can be obtained from the Mobile Equipment, the SIM and the core network are...

The mobile telecommunication industry is becoming one of the most important industries in the world. In the spectrum of wireless communication technologies, digital cellular telecommunication using the Global System of Mobile Communication (GSM) standard has enjoyed the fastest growth rate. This paper attempts to examine GSM driving factors on a national level. For this purposes, it uses system...

As standard GSM protection methods are now well-known to be insecure, we have designed a new secure communication system over GSM network which is developed using the Symbian OS platform. It uses standard cryptographic methods such as key generators, key exchange protocols and public and private key cipher algorithms. This system allows communicating text, voice and any kind of data securely ov...

In graph analytics, the identification of influential nodes in real-world networks plays a crucial role understanding network dynamics and enabling various applications. However, traditional centrality metrics often fall short capturing interplay between local global information. To address this limitation, Global Structure Model (GSM) its improved version (IGSM) have been proposed. Nonetheless...

This document specifies an Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) mechanism for authentication and session key distribution using the GSM Subscriber Identity Module (SIM). The mechanism specifies enhancements to GSM authentication and key agreement whereby multiple authentication triplets can be combined to create authentication responses and encryption keys of greater strength than the indiv...

Schema matching is a basic problem nowadays in many application areas, such as data integration, data warehouse and e-business. In this paper, we propose a generic schema matching method called GSM (Generic Schema Matching) and its optimizing approaches. GSM provides an extensible library of match algorithms to support multi-strategy matching approach. It also uses a mapping knowledge base to l...

Recently, Ahmadian and Salimi [1] presented and analyzed three different attacks that can be performed in UMTS-GSM interworking networks: (i) a real-time eavesdropping attack, (ii) an offline eavesdropping attack, and (iii) an impersonation attack. In this letter we question the feasibility of these attacks. In particular, we pinpoint and analyze that these attacks are based on some erroneous a...

In GSM system, speech is coded in frames. Here the redundancy is characterized mainly by the statistical correlation among certain temporally neighboring coefficients or bits. In our investigations the redundancy among bits is first utilized to realize a source-controlled channel decoding [2], so that the bit error rate can be further reduced. Then based on the redundancy among coefficients an ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Our hypothesis was that the carotid plaques associated with retinal and cerebrovascular symptomatology and asymptomatic presentation may be differ from each other. The aim of this study was to identify the sonographic and histopathologic characteristics of plaques that corresponded to these three clinical manifestations. METHODS The echo process involved duplex preopera...