in iran, fine grained formations (neogene's units) are very susceptible to erosion. also, they are the units producing runoff and causing soil loss in watersheds. the objectives of this study is to assess the effect of physical - chemical and mechanical properties of these formations on sediment and runoff rates at different rainfall intensities, based on using field simulator in taleghan ...

The mineral composition of the microbial mats at La Banya spit was studied. The spit is formed by a narrow sand bar and a peninsula and is located south of the main body of the Ebro Delta (Tarragona, Spain). Although quartz was the predominant mineral component in all sampling sites, clay, feldspars, calcite, aragonite, halite, dolomite and gypsum were also found. An increase in both the fine m...

The sediments on the banks of Shatt al-Arab and Al-Basrah have been studied to find out their mineralogical variation. Twenty-two samples were collected from depths 20 cm recent Al-Arab Rivers banks, with approximately equal distances between them, grain size analysis was conducted, selected prepared for X-ray diffraction, heavy light minerals analysis. result showed that silt loam texture is d...

The impacts of temperature on the surface thermal damage of rock salt, gypsum and mudstone from the Yingcheng salt mine, China were investigated by the surface crack growth and propagation tests at different temperatures. We found that: (a) high temperature could strengthen the rock salt molecular thermal motion and weaken the cohesion among the rock salt grains, so that the grain boundaries we...

The Arden Sandstone Formation of central and western England is a thin but conspicuous arenaceous unit within the Late Triassic Mercia Mudstone Group. Sedimentological palaeontological data point to lacustrine depositional conditions, in contrast red desert mudstones above below which were deposited as continental dryland floodplains. records deposits lake margins may be high stand lateral equi...

Researchers seek to identify dry lake bed deposits on Mars, if present. Primary tools in this search include the 1996 Mars Global Surveyor Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES) and the 2001 Mars Odyssey multi-channel radiometer THEMIS. Interpretations are based on a comparison of the recorded signatures to laboratory spectra. Texture affects both the shape and contrast of the spectral signatures ...

Shales are defined as fine-grained terrigenous sediments and rocks that contain 50% or more of terrigenous, and generally argillaceous, clastic components less than 0.062 mm in size. In the shales, clay-size components often dominate their rock properties, such as density, plasticity, parting, compatibility and swelling. Generally the size boundary between clay and silt is 4μm, but most clay mi...

The Salar de Uyuni, a salt pan located in the Bolivian Andes, was subject to hydrogeological and hydrochemical investigations between June and September 2009. During a drilling and sampling campaign halite cores were gained from different bore holes with depths between 2 and 12 m at two locations in the north eastern and the central part of the Salar (named SLT-01 and SLT-03, respectively). Bri...

Fluid release from dehydration reactions is considered to have significant effects on the strength and dynamics of tectonic faults at convergent plate boundaries. It classically assumed that production fluid leads increased pore pressures perturb a fault's stress state thereby facilitates enhances deformation. This important assumption has never been supported by direct microstructural observat...