Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy microanalysis (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Archimedes' Principle were used to determine the characteristics of inorganic filler particles in five dental alginates, including Cavex ColorChange (C), Hydrogum 5 (H5), Hydrogum (H), Orthoprint (O), and Jeltrate Plus (JP). The different alginate powders (0.5 mg) were fixed on plastic stubs (n = 5...

Procedures are described for the dissociation of histones H1 and H5 from chicken reticulocyte chromatin without disruption of the native core histone-DNA complex. The comparative properties of native and depleted chromatin with respect to sedimentation, thermal denaturation, and sensitivity to nuclease digestion have been studied. The changes in these properties resulting from removal of the li...

The hernagglutinin (HA) of six H5 influenza virus strains isolated from ducks in Japan and China in 1976 to 1996 were analyzed antigenically and genetically. Antigenic analysis using a panel of monoclonal antibodies revealed that the HA of H5 influenza viruses isolated from ducks are antigenically closely related to each other. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the isolates from ducks in Hok...

H5N1 influenza viruses cause high mortality in avian and mammalian species, including humans. Antigenic drift in H5 sequence poses challenges in the development of vaccine and therapeutic antibody. In this study, a monoclonal antibody 11G12 was produced from inactivated H5N1 immunized mice. Results from IFA, ELISA, HI, and virus neutralization indicated that Mab 11G12 can specifically recognize...

The hemagglutinin (HA) of six H5 influenza virus strains isolated from ducks in Japan and China in 1976 to 1996 were analyzed antigenically and genetically. Antigenic analysis using a panel of monoclonal antibodies revealed that the HA of H5 influenza viruses isolated from ducks are antigenically closely related to each other. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the isolates from ducks in Hokk...

Influenza A viruses can be divided into two groups on the basis of their ability to cause disease and death in poultry. The very virulent viruses cause highly pathogenic avian influenza [HPAI], with flock mortality as high as 100% in chickens and other susceptible poultry. These viruses have been restricted to subtypes H5 and H7, although not all H5 and H7 viruses cause HPAI. All other viruses ...

This study is to investigate the influence of bundling type on ambivalent response which a state having simultaneous conflicting reactions, beliefs, or feelings towards bundled packaging. It hypothesized that hedonic packaging would trigger more than utilitarian one. And it examines moderating roles product characteristic variables such as criteria evaluation attribute and choice set size relat...

Inward rectifier potassium channels are found in the heart and CNS, where they are critical for the modulation and maintenance of cellular excitability. We present evidence that the inward rectifier potassium channel HIR is modulated by extracellular pH in the physiological range. We show that proton-induced changes in HIR single-channel conductance underlie the HIR pH sensitivity seen on the m...

In 2006 the U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. Department of Interior, and cooperating state fish and wildlife agencies began surveillance for high-pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus in wild birds in the Pacific Flyway of the United States. This surveillance effort was highly integrated in California, Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, and western Montana, with col...

H5N1 and H9N2 avian influenza virus subtypes top the World Health Organization's list for the greatest pandemic potential. Inactivated H5N1 vaccines induce limited immune responses and, in the case of live-attenuated influenza virus vaccines (LAIV), there are safety concerns regarding the possibility of reassortment between the H5 gene segment and circulating influenza viruses. In order to over...