The cervical facet joints are a source of pain in some chronic whiplash patients. Clinical data show that a head-turned posture increases the severity and duration of whiplash-related symptoms. The objective of this study was to quantify strains in the facet capsule during whiplash-like loading with an axial intervertebral pre-torque simulating an initial head-turned posture. These strains were...

We investigate how a nonlinear stress-strain relation (that leads to a stiffening of the brain matter under strain) influences the brain dynamics in traumatic situations. We numerically simulate rapid rotational accelerations and decelerations of a human head using our generalization of the viscoelastic Kelvin-Voigt brain injury model that includes an experimentally established dependency of st...

Racket properties may affect tennis elbow development. Shock and vibration to the arm is influenced by the location of ball impacts on the racket head, racket stiffness, and grip force. Beginners experience increased arm loads, and they hit the ball lower on the racket head. Tennis rackets behave differently during actual play compared with the performance predicted by physics.

Numerous methods exist for molecular-based detection of Nosema ceranae. Here we determine location of parasite loads, the optimal tissue for pathogen detection, and the likely sources of variability among assays. Bee washes and head/thorax samples revealed substantial N. ceranae loads (2.67×10(4)±1.12×10(4) and 1.83×10(4)±4.14×10(3)). Midgut samples carried the highest parasite loads (3.42×10(6...

Biomechanical understanding of cervical spine injury is based on decades of quasi-static compression and head-first impact studies that suggest that, during head first impact, the cervical spine buckles as the head moves toward the more massive torso and further that buckling characteristics and injuries may be correlated [1]. Some impact studies describe cables tethered to cervical anatomy to ...

conclusions this study indicates that low-load rt results in greater accumulations in vl compared to high-load rt over the course of 8 weeks of training. results after adjusting for the pre-test scores, there was a significant difference between the two intervention groups on post-intervention total vl with a very large effect size (f (1, 15) = 16.598, p = .001, ηp2 = .525). there was a signifi...

Vol. 106 No. 3/4 Page 1 of 5 ABSTRACT Although contrasting evidence exists in the literature as to the economy of head-loading, there is a notion that head-loading is an extremely economical method of load carriage. This has become known as the ‘free ride’ hypothesis and, although untested, it is widely accepted. The purpose of this study was to test the ‘free ride’ hypothesis for head-load car...

OBJECTIVE To compare the fixation stability in the femoral head with sliding hip screw versus helical blade designs for unstable, intertrochanteric hip fractures. METHODS A simulated, unstable intertrochanteric hip fracture was created in six pairs of cadaveric femurs. One of each pair was treated using an intramedullary nail with a sliding hip screw (ITST) for femoral head fixation and the o...

Frontal crashes can be classified as full, offset, or small overlap impacts. Although the former two impacts have received considerable attention in crashworthiness and promulgation of worldwide standards, small overlap crashes have undergone limited analyses from field and laboratory investigation perspectives. The objective of the present study was to analyze small overlap impacts using data ...