The paper proposes an all-optical 1×M router architecture based on pulse-positionmodulation header processing (PPM-HP) scheme for packet routing in all-optical highspeed wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) packet switching network. The router is mainly comprised of all-optical clock extraction, pulse-position-modulation header extraction, continuous-wave (CW) sources, wavelength conversion m...

3 Header Compression Schemes for Wireless Channels 16 3.1 Drawback of Existing Schemes on Wireless Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 3.2 Robust Header Compression (ROHC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 3.3 Context and States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 3.4 Compression of Header Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 3.4.1 C...

The use of bandwidth constrained links in wireless networks necessitates the use of bandwidth saving header compression schemes. In these schemes, a compressor and a decompressor collaborate to encode bulky IP headers into streamlined compressed headers. Intuitively, the gain from compression is the average compressed header length divided by the uncompressed header size. In this paper, we show...

This paper reports on studies of the effects of the TCP/IP protocol header on the system performance of a spectrally efficient cellular system. Integrated cellular-system and TCP-protocol simulations are used to examine the degradation in the effective data throughput and packet delay due to the header overhead. Performance improvements achievable by header compression are investigated. Simulat...

Packet processing is pipelined. A packet flows through the FPGA and memories. An incoming packet is received by the Input Packet Buffer and passed to the Header Field Extractor. The HFE pushes the body of the packet into the dynamic memory. Meanwhile, it parses its headers and creates a Unified-header and a structure reflecting actual arrangement of the headers. The Unified-header is a fixed st...

With the tremendous growth of network technology, network attackers are also rationally increased to disrupt the activities and hacking the data from the network users by the intruder. To provide the security from the intruder is most important one. Many researchers were proposed a different approach for providing security they does not tackle the problem, it leads an untruthful in the network....

A video coding standard with high compression efficiency should have minimum redundancy in the coded bit stream. However, in certain scenario and in particular with small slice sizes, there is significant redundancy in form of overheads in the existing coding standards MPEG-4 and H.264. A similar idea of shortened NAL unit header has been recently proposed in the JVT meeting [1]. For small NALU...

The packet header is often ignored in bit allocation problem of forward error correction (FEC) based packet video transmission schemes. In this paper, we show that the packet header has significant influence on the system performance. We balance the effect of the packet header and the efficiency of FEC codes via a probabilistic formulation. Optimal bit allocation is achieved in both non-scalabl...

In this paper we present a node architecture for all-optical packet-switched network, where clock recovery, header processing and packet forwarding are carried out in optical domain. The node could be set to function in unicast, multicast, or broadcast modes. Binary bit formatted header address and routing table entries are converted into pulse-position modulation (PPM) frames which offer reduc...