Health financing has been considered as an important building block of a health system and has a key role in promoting universal health coverage in the Vietnam. This paper aims to describe the pattern of health expenditure, including total health expenditure and composition of health expenditure, over the last two decades in Vietnam. The paper mainly uses the data from Vietnam National Health A...

health economists look towards health care sector as a market whereby there is a distinct demand and supply phenomenon exists. dearth of regulation of the doctors' practices lead to inappropriate and unjustifiable demand for health care among the patients. in developing and under-developed countries, this adverse practice may push a poor family into a vicious circle of poverty and illness, espe...

Background & objectives In India, health expenditure accounts for less than 5 per cent of the Gross Domestic Product and the level of out-of-pocket (OOP) spending is 69.5 per cent of total health expenditures. OOP expenditure exacerbates poverty and has a negative impact on equity and can increase the risk of vulnerable groups slipping into poverty. This study was conducted to estimate the OOP ...

BACKGROUND Fairness in financial contribution for health was determined by WHO (World Health Report, 2000) as the third goal of health systems which is measured by fairness in financial contribution index (FFCI). The aim of this study was to estimate FFCI and quantify extent of catastrophic household heath expenditures. METHODS We conducted a descriptive study during May 2008. Subjects were c...

OBJECTIVE To present the available data on the money spent by Member States of the World Health Organization (WHO) on remunerating health workers in the public and private sectors. METHODS Data on government and total expenditure on health worker remuneration were obtained through a review of official documents in WHO's Global Health Expenditure Database and directly from country officials an...

BACKGROUND The way a health system is financed affects the performance of its other functions of stewardship, input (or resource) creation and services provision, and ultimately, the achievement of health system goals of health improvement (or maintenance), responsiveness to people's non-medical expectations and fair financial contributions. OBJECTIVES To analyse the changes between 1998 and ...

OBJECTIVE To assess the degree to which the Chinese people are protected from catastrophic household expenditure and impoverishment from medical expenses and to explore the health system and structural factors influencing the first of these outcomes. METHODS Data were derived from the Fourth National Health Service Survey. An analysis of catastrophic health expenditure and impoverishment from...