background: drugs play a strategic role as a health commodity. thus, the supply chain management of drugs is an important issue to reducing costs and thereby improving patient health. objective: this study evaluated the status of drug supply chain management and health reform in the pharmaceutical sector of teaching hospitals in ahvaz, iran. methods: this cross-sectional study was carried out i...

of Findings Health care providers in the San Francisco Bay Area weathered the economic downturn better than providers in most other areas of California, in large part because the downturn was less severe in the Bay Area. Still, a number of market trends and the expected effects of health reform have pressured providers, leading to significant organizational change in the provider sector since t...

This paper presents a computable general equilibrium (CGE) framework to numerically examine the effect of marginal tax reforms on the supply side of health related sectors. The generalized framework with the latest Japanese input-output table of year 2005 with 108 different production sectors provides the following results: An expansion of subsidies to the hospital sector creates the largest we...

Why do some countries still experience high mortality rates and low health care sector effectiveness, thirteen years after the post-communist transition? Why have some been successful at addressing their health care needs while other left their public health in decay? This study attempts to answer the puzzle by looking at the role of World Bank assistance in the health care reforms of the Centr...

During the period from 1980 to 1997, the annual number of new tuberculosis cases increased four-fold in Kenya, and had reached approximately 50,000 cases by 1998. During the same time period, the government per capita expenditure on health dropped from US$9.5 to US$3.5. Since 1983, Kenya has been decentralising financial responsibility and decision-making power to the districts. In addition, th...

The 1990s witnessed a worldwide trend toward electricity sector reforms in developed and developing economies. These reforms have generally been based on private participation, regulatory reform, and competition in the sector. This paper reviews and draws lessons from the reform experience in developing countries. Developing countries have had to reform technically and financially less efficien...

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and its amendments by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 constitute landmark legislation known as the Affordable Care Act (ACA). The ACA has made many changes in the Medicare program as part of comprehensive health reform for the U.S. health care sector. Title III of the ACA pertains to improving the efficiency and quality of ...

The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) was fundamentally reformed in 2003. From 2005, farmers will receive decoupled income support payments instead of production premiums if basic standards for environment, food safety, animal health and welfare are met. Farmers are likely to adjust production and management practices to the new policy framework. We describe how this reform fits into the EU stra...

In 2010, the Kurdistan Regional Government asked the RAND Corporation to help guide reform of the health care system in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. The overarching goal of reform was to help establish a health system that would provide high-quality services efficiently to everyone to prevent, treat, and manage physical and mental illnesses and injuries. This article summarizes the second phas...