We investigated the 47-kDa outer membrane protein (OMP), which is a periplasmic serine protease and an antigenic major surface protein of Orientia tsutsugamushi, as a vaccine candidate. We developed a conventional subunit vaccine expressing recombinant 47-kDa OMP (rec47) and a DNA vaccine (p47). In mouse immunization experiments, intranasal immunization with rec47 alone or with rec47 plus heat-...

the aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of enterotoxigenic and enteroaggregative escherichia coli strains and antibiotic resistance of the isolates in raw milk and unpasteurized cheese. out of 200 samples of raw milk and 50 samples of unpasteurized cheeses, 96 and 24 strains of e. coli were isolated, respectively. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to detect the genes encodi...

Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) and cholera toxin (CT) were found to inhibit intracellular antigen processing. Processing was not inhibited by mutant LT with attenuated ADP-ribosyltransferase activity, CT B or LT B subunit, which enhanced presentation of preexisting cell surface peptide-class II major histocompatibility complex complexes. Inhibition of antigen processing correlate...

A rapid screening test has been developed to detect heat-labile enterotoxin produced by individual colonies of Escherichia coli or Vibrio cholerae growing on media solidified with agar. The applicability of this method for isolating tox mutants of E. coli and V. cholerae has been demonstrated.

A latex particle agglutination test is described which is suitable for the recognition of heat-labile enterotoxin-producing colonies of Escherichia coli immediately after primary culture on a variety of commonly used enteric diagnostic media. The test is simple and economical to perform, and the results are available in minutes.

Cholera vibrios produce a single polymeric protein that (i) causes hemagglutination; (ii) appears to participate in their attachment to gut epithelium; (iii) may mediate their detachment from gut epithelium; and (iv) is a protease that hydrolyzes fibronectin and mucin, cleaves lactoferrin, and nicks the A subunit of the choleragen-related heat-labile enterotoxin of Escherichia coli.

A latex particle agglutination test previously shown to be suitable for the rapid identification of Escherichia coli strains of human origin producing heat-labile enterotoxin (R. A. Finkelstein and Z. Yang, J. Clin. Microbiol. 18:23-28) is equally applicable to strains of porcine origin.

Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is an emerging cause of diarrheal illness. Clinical data suggest that diarrhea caused by EAEC is predominantly secretory in nature, but the responsible enterotoxin has not been described. Work from our laboratories has implicated a ca. 108-kDa protein as a heat-labile enterotoxin and cytotoxin, as evidenced by rises in short-circuit current and falls in...

Aeromonas is ubiquitous in aquatic environments and has been associated with a number of extra-gastrointestinal and gastrointestinal illnesses. This warrants monitoring of raw and processed water sources for pathogenic and toxigenic species of this human pathogen. In this study, a total of 17 different water samples [9 raw and 8 treated samples including 4 basin water (partial sand filtration) ...

Cholera enterotoxin (CT) and heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) produced by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli share a common antigenic determinant. In addition, CT and LT each have a unique antigenic determinant. Antisera were prepared by immunoaffinity chromatography against these unique antigenic determinants, that is, antiserum that reacted with CT but not with LT and antiserum that reacted with LT...