It is shown that the threshold productions of π0pp, π+np and π+d from pp collisions can be consistently described by a model consisting of a pion s-wave rescattering and NN̄ pair-terms of heavy-meson exchanges. The large difference between σ(pp → π+d) and σ(pp → π+np) is understood from the orthogonality of the deuteron and the np scattering wave functions. In a calculation using the Paris poten...

The use of nanotechnology-derived products in the development of sensors and analytical measurement methodologies has increased significantly over the past decade. Nano-based sensing approaches include the use of nanoparticles (NPs) and nanostructures to enhance sensitivity and selectivity, design new detection schemes, improve sample preparation and increase portability. This review summarizes...

heavy rainfall is the causes of the crisis. in recent years extreme floods have occurred in the behesht abad basin in chahar mahal and bakhtiar province,iran in 2.10.2006 with a moment discharge of 605m3 .this case study lies in the period of 1984-2010 and is selected for synoptic and thermodynamic condition studies. the meteorologically studied variables and thermodynamic charts indicate poten...

We consider the problem of untangling a given (non-planar) straight-line circular drawing δG an outerplanar graph G=(V,E) into planar G by shifting minimum number vertices to new position on circle. For G, it is obvious that such crossing-free always exists and we define shift∘(δG) as are required be shifted in order resolve all crossings δG. show Circular Untangling, asking whether shift∘(δG)≤...

In cereal grains, the maternal nucellar projection (NP) constitutes the link to the filial organs, forming a transfer path for assimilates and signals towards the endosperm. At transition to the storage phase, the NP of barley (Hordeum vulgare) undergoes dynamic and regulated differentiation forming a characteristic pattern of proliferating, elongating, and disintegrating cells. Immunolocalizat...

Icelandic NP-movement is Case-driven A-movement dislocating any NP with structural Case to the middle field. We argue that all NP-movement targets a Multiple Specifier Construction of TP. The hypothesis explains why the landing site does not correlate with the Case of the NP, why sentential adverbs show that all NP-movement targets the same phrasal category, and why the c-command relations unde...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Excessive alcohol use is assumed to affect maturation of cognitive functioning in adolescence. However, most existing studies that have tested this hypothesis are seriously flawed due to the use of selective groups and/or cross-sectional designs, which limits the ability to draw firm conclusions. This longitudinal study investigated whether patterns of alcohol use predicted ...