BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hepatic cholesterol deposition drives inflammation and fibrosis in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The Niemann-Pick type C2 (NPC2) protein plays an important role in regulating intracellular cholesterol trafficking and homeostasis. We hypothesized that intravenous NPC2 supplementation reduces cholesterol accumulation, hepatic inflammation and fibrogenesis in a nutritio...

The effects of adiponectin on hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism at transcriptional level are largely unknown. We profiled hepatic gene expression in adiponectin knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice by RNA sequencing. Compared with WT mice, adiponectin KO mice fed a chow diet exhibited decreased mRNA expression of rate-limiting enzymes in several important glucose and lipid metabolic pathway...

Serum aspartate aminotransferase isoenzymes were measured in 123 hospital patients with various liver diseases, using a new and simple immunochemical method. Our findings show the usefulness of this determination in estimating the severity of hepatic damage, especially if accompanied by the measurement of other mitochondrial enzymes. During hepatic damage, the cytoplasmic isoenzyme is found in ...

Attempts were made to examine the effect of paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins (PSP) on hepatic xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes (XMEs) of tiger puffer (Takifugu rubripes). Two groups of nontoxic tiger fish were analyzed, and one group was fed with a PSP-containing diet (PSP group), and another with a PSP-free diet (control group). After 60 days of feeding, they were compared to each other mai...

Thyroid hormone (TH) receptors preferentially bind 3,5,3’-triiodothyronine (T3). Therefore the metabolism of thyroxine (T4) secreted by the thyroid gland in peripheral tissues, resulting in the production and degradation of receptor-active T3, plays a major role in thyroid function. The most important metabolic pathway for THs is deiodination. Another important pathway is sulfation, which is a ...

A hepatic microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system is described both in men and rats. It is distinguished from alcohol dehydrogenase by its subcellular localization (cytosol for alcohol dehydrogenase, microsomes for this system), its pH optimum (physiological pH versus pH 10 to 11 for alcohol dehydrogenase), and its cofactor requirements (NADPH versus NAD+ for alcohol dehydrogenase). It also require...

Hepatic injury is associated with distortion of the metabolic function. Hepatic disease can be evaluated by biochemical analysis of the serum tests, includes levels of serum Alanine and Aspartate aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, and others. The present study was conducted to assay Liver associated enzymes on patients with Viral Hepatitis, Alcoholic liver diseases, and Liver cirrhosis an...

Hepatic disease is usual in large animals. Increases in serum hepatic enzymes and total bile acid concentration may indicate hepatic dysfunction, insult, disease, or failure. While liver disease is particularlyusual in foals, progression to liver failure isn't.Diseases that frequently result in hepatic failure in horses include Theiler's disease, Tyzzer's disease, pyrrolizidine alkaloid toxicos...

Familial hypobetalipoproteinemia (FHBL) due to truncation-specifying mutations of apolipoprotein B (apoB), which impair hepatic lipid export in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles, is associated with fatty liver. In an FHBL-like mouse with the apoB38.9 mutation, fatty liver develops despite reduced hepatic fatty acid synthesis. However, hepatic cholesterol contents in apoB38.9 mice ar...