..................................................................................................................................................II CONTENT...................................................................................................................................................III FIGURES......................................................................................

Naively one expects that at low temperature a system has less symmetry than at high temperature. However, there are cases in nature, where the opposite happens. This phenomenon is called inverse symmetry breaking. A very similar phenomenon is symmetry nonrestoration at high temperature. It appears when the system has at high T less symmetry than allowed by the Lagrangian, which means that some ...

The molten carbonate fuel cell operates at approximately 650 °C (1200 °F). The high operating temperature is needed to achieve sufficient conductivity of the carbonate electrolyte, yet allow the use of low-cost metal cell components. A benefit associated with this high temperature is that noble metal catalysts are not required for the cell electrochemical oxidation and reduction processes. Molt...

Materials and processes are being developed for packaging of low and medium power, high temperature electronics (up to 500). Ceramic (Al2O3 and AlN) hermetic packages are being used. Die attach techniques based on patterned Au bumps, Au-Si and off-eutectic Au-Sn have been demonstrated. Au thermosonic wire bonding provides a monometallic interconnect system between the die and the package pads. ...

Gas chromatography (GC) is generally believed to be restricted to the analysis of ‘volatiles’ and is less applicable to the analysis of so-called ‘heavy’ compounds. The introduction of persilylated glass and fused silicea columns, of thermostable stationary phases and of non-discriminative injection devices in capillary GC (CGC) have made the deRnitions of ‘volatile’ and ‘heavy’ very Sexible. H...

The use of solar energy in technical applications is often constrained due to its low energy density relative to the conventional sources of energy. Optical concentration is one option to increase the energy density of the solar radiation resulting in the possibility to use absorbers with small surfaces. Higher temperatures can be achieved under concentrated conditions, because heat losses are ...

A spectral survey of NCO absorption near the P1 + 'Qli head of the [A 2Z +(00°0)«-A'J/71<00I0)] band was obtained at 1450°K, 0.6 atm using a remotely located cw ring dye laser source and a shock tube. Mixtures of hydrogen cyanide, oxygen and nitrous oxide diluted in argon were shock heated to provide a reproducible steady-state concentration of NCO, and narrow-line absorption was measured in re...