Post do not limit their investigation of political paranoia to simply these obvious candidates. They label as paranoid David Koresh, leader of the ill-fated Branch Davidians who died in a fiery blaze in 1993, Jim Jones, whose 912 cult followers committed suicide in 1978, and movie director Oliver Stone whose film JFK (1992) has achieved iconic status among the many Americans who believe their g...

Buccal odors have always been a factor of concern for society. This study aims to investigate the historical and social base of halitosis, through systematized research in the database BVS (biblioteca virtual em saúde - virtual library in health) and also in books. Lack of knowledge on how to prevent halitosis allows for its occurrence, limiting quality of life. As social relationships are one ...

This study aims to present the origins and the historical evolution of fine-needle aspiration biopsy and to also underline its importance in the history of modern cytology. The article focuses on the advances made in the 20th century that have led to the modern techniques associated with the procedure. The authors conducted a thorough review of early reports on needle biopsy, particularly those...

Acta Clin Croat, Vol. 42, No. 1, 2003 3 NEUROLOGY – HISTORICAL, RECENT AND FUTURE ASPECTS Franz Gerstenbrand, Bettina Matulla and Heinrich Binder Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Restorative Neurology, Otto Wagner Hospital, Vienna, Austria Introduction “Panta rhei – everything flows”, Heraklid’s profound insight, is considered the fundamental principle of research in the natural sciences. Each re...

Control conditions were introduced through the trial of Mesmerism in Paris. Placebo controls became codified standard in 1946. Although seemingly unchallenged, there are various problems with this received view. The notion of a placebo is only defined from the negative. A positive notion proposed that placebo effects are effects owing to the meaning an intervention has for an individual. Thus, ...

CHRISTOPHER LAWRENCE and GHISLAINE LAWRENCE, No Laughing Matter. Historical aspects of anaesthesia (Exhibition catalogue), London, Wellcome Institute for the History of Medicine, 1987, 4to, pp. 84, £5.00 paperback. The exhibition 'No Laughing Matter' coincided with the Second International Symposium on the History of Anaesthesia, which was held in London in July 1987. Both events underlined the...

S the earliest descriptions of pain related to injury of the nervous system, it has been recognized that the characteristics of this type of pain differ markedly from those of pain due to nonneural tissue damage. Later, as new analgesics were developed, it became clear that neurogenic pain was very often refractory to these drugs. This brief article considers some historical aspects of the deve...

The history of the management of craniopharyngiomas offers a comprehensive review of the exciting progress in neurosurgery, neuroimaging, neuroendocrinology and radiation oncology during the last century. In this historical note, we present the evolution in management of these most challenging of brain tumours, which, despite the substantial knowledge and expertise gained since the first attemp...

The last part of the 19th century was a period of great achievements in medicine and endocrinology. The thyroid gland evolved from being considered a rudimentary structure to an organ related to specific diseases. The singular importance of iodine became acknowledged. Graves-Basedow's disease was described. Surgical treatment evolved with extraordinary speed. Theodor Kocher observed that the cl...