Infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) or T-lymphotropic I (HTLV-I) both can lead to mortality. CD4+T cells are the target for HTLV-I and HIV-1. In addition, HIV-1 infect macrophages. macrophages play important roles in immune system response. This article develops analyzes a discrete-time co-infection model. The model depicts within-host interaction of six compartments: uni...

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease inhibitors comprise an important class of drugs used in HIV treatments. However, mutations of protease genes accelerated by low fidelity of reverse transcriptase yield drug resistant mutants of reduced affinities for the inhibitors. This problem is considered to be a serious barrier against HIV treatment for the foreseeable future. In this st...

ENWEndNote BIBJabRef, Mendeley RISPapers, Reference Manager, RefWorks, Zotero AMA Doat A, Navab E, Sadat Hoseini A. Paradoxical experiences of Ghanaian adolescents with HIV: physiological challenges. HIV & AIDS Review. International Journal of HIV-Related Problems. 2021;20(1):59-64. doi:10.5114/hivar.2021.105087. APA Doat, A., Navab, E., Hoseini, (2021). Problems, 20(1), 59-64. https://doi.org...

Background: During the recent years, significant progress has been achieved on development of novel anti-viral drugs. Natural products are assumed as the potential sources of novel anti-viral drugs; therefore, there are some previous studies reporting the anti-viral compounds from venomous animals. Based on the significant value for tracing of non-toxic anti-viral agents from natural resources,...

1. Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. Global HIV & AIDS statistics - fact sheet. UNAIDS. Accessed April 5, 2023. https://www.unaids.org/en/reso... Google Scholar

phytochemical investigation of the aerial parts of euphorbia erythradenia bioss. (euphorbiaceae), one of iranian endemic euphorbias, with particular attention to triterpene constituents, using methanol solvent extraction was carried out. five known triterpenes, including four cycloartanes and oleanolic acid, were isolated for the first time and identified using nmr and mass techniques. anti hiv...