This paper provides a overview of SMAWL, a SMAll Workflow Language based on CCS (Calculus of Communicating Systems). There has been a prolonged debate in the workflow community about the relative suitability of Petri nets versus π-calculus as a formal foundation for workflow languages. Here we demonstrate how to build a workflow language based on CCS (a predecessor of π-calculus). To facilitate...

This paper examines the emergence of differing student behaviour in the use of ICT in Melbourne and Singapore. It seeks to explain the stark contrasts in intra-group communication and the use of online course materials in terms of cultural differences, drawing largely on Hofstede’s framework for cultural analysis. Hofstede found Australians to be highly individualistic and to have both low powe...

One of the important elements that have been playing a significant role in today’s global business operations is culture. An important dimension of cultural analysis has been added to its discussion of transferability of JIT/TQM to other countries ever since the Japanese management techniques, JIT and TQM, became popular throughout the world. This paper reviews the transferability of these popu...

A5 an increasing number of organizations reach across national boundaries, organizational research increasingly addresses the question ofhow national culture influences individual behavior (Erez & Earley, 1993; Hofstede, 1991). Researchers face a choice among numerous definitions of culture and methods for studying it that have been developed in different academic disciplines (Keesing, 1974). A...

Culture is deemed to be a crucial basis for innovation in various respects. The aim of this paper is to explore the relationships between different cultural dimensions introduced by Hofstede (2001) and the capability of initiating innovation measured by the number of patent applications using the sample of European countries at the regional level. As a novel approach, instead of using Hofstede’...

V.A. Kumar T.M. Hofstede L.E. Ginsberg SUMMARY: Palatal tumors are often treated with palatectomy or maxillectomy. The resulting surgical defect produces an oroantral communication. An obturator is a removable prosthesis used to close the palatal or maxillectomy defect. Fifteen patients who had undergone palatectomy or maxillectomy for carcinoma and subsequent obturator prosthesis placement wer...

A Smart Identification Card (SIC) offers governments many opportunities for supporting e-government initiatives and combating immigration problems; however, it also creates concerns with respect to privacy invasions and security risks. This paper develops a culturally informed model to investigate people’s attitude towards the SIC scheme in Hong Kong. In this research, we argue that the assessm...

Agent-Based Modeling can contribute to the understanding of international trade processes. Models for the effects of culture and cultural differences on agent behavior are required for realistic agent-based simulation of international trade. This paper makes a step toward modeling of culture in agents. The focus is one of the five dimensions of culture according to Hofstede: individualism versu...