We provide an overview of computational systems biology approaches as applied to the study of chemical- and drug-induced toxicity. The concept of "toxicity pathways" is described in the context of the 2007 US National Academies of Science report, "Toxicity testing in the 21st Century: A Vision and A Strategy." Pathway mapping and modeling based on network biology concepts are a key component of...

While contaminant concentrations have been reported for elasmobranchs around the world, no studies have examined bioaccumulation patterns across male and female age classes. The round stingray (Urobatis halleri) is a local benthic species that forages near areas of high organochlorine contamination and represents a good elasmobranch model. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), DDT, and chlordanes w...

A.D., Wosniok, W. (Eds.), Biological Effects of Contaminants in Pelagic Ecosystems. Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC), Brussels, pp. 367–376. Manly, B.F.J., 1998. Randomization, Bootstrap and Monte Carlo Methods in Biology, second ed. Chapman and Hall, London, 399 pp. McCloskey, J.T., Oris, J.T., 1993. Effect of anthracene and solar ultraviolet radiation exposure on gill...

Chlorinated hydrocarbon concentrations in eggs of fish-eating birds from contaminated environments such as the Great Lakes of North America tend to be highly intercorrelated, making it difficult to elucidate mechanisms causing reproductive impairment, and to ascribe cause to specific chemicals. An information- theoretic approach was used on data from 197 salvaged bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocep...

Since 1970, vehicle’s exhaust pollutions have received increasing attention as a source of air pollution at both local (human health concerns) and global (global warming) scales. This study mainly discusses diesel and gasoline vehicles because, today, over 90% of vehicles on the road use gasoline and diesel fuels. The major concerns of gasoline exhaust contaminants are carbon monoxide (CO), hyd...

This study reports results of sediment bioslurry treatment and earthworm bioaccumulation for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contaminants found in sediment dredged from Milwaukee Harbor. A significant finding was that bioslurry treatment reduced PAHs on the sediment clay/silt fraction but not on the sediment coal-derived fraction and that PAH reduction in the clay/silt fraction correlated...

Environmental contaminants binding to transcription factors, such as the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and the alpha and gamma peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), contribute to adverse effects on the reproductive system. Expressing both the AhR and PPARs, the human granulosa cell line KGN offers the opportunity to investigate the regulatory mechanisms involved in receptor cro...

In vitro models are emerging tools for reducing reliance on traditional toxicity tests, especially in areas where information is sparse. For studies of fish, this is especially important for extrahepatic organs, such as the intestine, which, until recently, have been largely overlooked in favour of the liver or gill. Considering the importance of dietary uptake of contaminants, the rainbow trou...

Some environmental contaminants interact with hormones and may exert adverse consequences as a result of their actions as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Exposure in people is typically a result of contamination of the food chain, inhalation of contaminated house dust or occupational exposure. EDCs include pesticides and herbicides (such as dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane or its metabol...

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contaminants have toxic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties. Screening bacteria from different sources capable of carrying out the biodegradation is essential for mapping mobilization purposes applying them to polluted hydrocarbon environments. The study aims compare capacity PAH by two types isolated sources. method applied interaction between bacter...