Tacrolimus (FK506), an effective immunosuppressant for treating inflammatory skin diseases, hardly penetrates into and through the skin owing to its high hydrophobicity and molecular weight. The aim of this study was to develop a hybrid system based on nicotinamide (NIC) and nanoparticles (NPs) encapsulating FK506, such as FK506-NPs-NIC, for facilitating percutaneous delivery, which exploited v...

Water-in-salt electrolytes have successfully expanded the electrochemical stability window of aqueous beyond 2 V. Further improvements in can be achieved by partially substituting water with either classical organic solvents or ionic liquids. Here, we study ternary composed LiTFSI, water, and imidazolium We find that LiTFSI solubility strongly increases from 21 mol kg?1 to up 60 presence liquid...

Solubilization of poorly water-soluble drugs has been a very important issue in screening studies of new chemical entities as well as formulation research. Various techniques are employed to enhance the aqueous solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs and hydrotropic solubilisation is one of them. A hydrotrope is a compound that solubilises hydrophobic compounds in aqueous solution. The problem...

Hydrotropy is a phenomenon where the presence of a large quantity of one solute enhances the solubility of another solute. The mechanism of this phenomenon remains a topic of debate. This study employed molecular dynamics simulation to investigate the hydrotropic mechanism of a series of urea derivatives, that is, urea (UR), methylurea (MU), ethylurea (EU), and butylurea (BU). A poorly water-so...

We analyzed the physicochemical characteristics of solid dispersions of pizotifen malate and povidone (Kollidon 12) at different proportions; we used X-ray diffraction, infrared spectrometry and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and tested the solubility of the solid dispersions in equilibrium. The results were compared with findings for physical mixtures with the same proportions. A soli...

In the present investigation, the poorly water-soluble drug, salicylic acid has been solubilized using 0.5 M ibuprofen sodium and 2.0 M sodium salicylate solution as hydrotropic agents for the titrimetric analysis precluding the use of organic solvents. Both hydrotropes are economic and pollution-free. The mean percent estimation of salicylic acid estimated in bulk sample by Indian Pharmacopoei...