the residual stresses in composite laminates depend on several factors including the conditions of fabricating process, property of materials, direction and lay-ups of the layers. however the thermo-elastic behavior of composite is one of the most important parameters affecting the magnitude of residual stresses. the elastic properties and residual stresses do not remain constant under cyclic t...

A multi-scale approach is devoted to the analysis of hygro-elastic internal stresses in porous composite materials. Voids in composite materials are known to cause a significant reduction of mechanical properties. Moreover, in a humid environment they also affect the moisture absorption and the induced internal stresses. In this work, a self-consistent approach is used to estimate internal stre...

In this study multivariate statistical analysis are used to characterize relationships between hydrochemical properties ofthermal and non-thermal springs. Four factors for thermal waters and two for non-thermal springs were extracted basedon factor analysis. In thermal springs, the first factor showed high loading on Ca, Mg, Na and K and this factor wasinterpreted as leaching of cations in the ...

The multiple coupling of composite laminates has a unique advantage in improving the macro mechanical properties structures. A total three hygro-thermally stable multi-coupled with extension-twisting were presented, which conducive to formation passive adaptive Then, used design bending-twisting coupled box structure, configuration laminate and structure could be extended variable cross-section...

A mathematical model allowing coupled hygro-thermo-mechanical analysis of spalling in concrete walls at high temperatures by means of the moving boundary problem is presented. A simplified mechanical approach to account for effects of thermal stresses and pore pressure build-up on spalling is incorporated into the model. The numerical algorithm based on finite element discretization in space an...

Paper is a material exhibiting complex microstructure that composed of network fibres at the micro-level. When subjected to external loading or variations in moisture conditions over different time scales, changes strain are non-linear with respect observed sheet level (macro-scale). In order investigate this time-dependent behaviour paper, creep power law model implemented within finite elemen...

The fractional thermal loading in diode-endpumped Q-switched lasers was estimated from the theory of cavity stability. The experimental results show that the thermal loading depends on the pulse-repetition rate. This dependence is attributed to the effect of energy-transfer upconversion (ETU). A theoretical model including the ETU effect was developed to analyze the fractional thermal loading i...

Recombination occurs at high frequencies in all examined retroviruses. The previously determined homologous recombination rate in one retroviral replication cycle is 4% for markers 1.0 kb apart in spleen necrosis virus (SNV). This has often been used to suggest that approximately 30 to 40% of the replication-competent viruses with 7- to 10-kb genomes undergo recombination. These estimates were ...