An interface current balance ~ICB! method for neutral particle transport is presented and specialized to the calculation of neutral atom transport in background plasmas. A multigroup extension of the ICB methodology is presented which enables the direct calculation of neutral atom energy distributions and energy and momentum transport, as well as particle transport. Extension of the ICB methodo...

Brain metastases (BM) affect approximately a third of all cancer patients with systemic disease. Treatment options include surgery, whole-brain radiotherapy, or stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) while chemotherapy has only limited activity. In cases where patients undergo resection before irradiation, intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) to the tumor bed may be an alternative modality, which would ...

BACKGROUND Impulse control disorder (ICD) and behaviours (ICB) represent a group of behavioural disorders that have become increasingly recognised in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients who previously used dopaminergic medications, particularly dopamine agonists and levodopa. It has been suggested that these medications can lead to the development of ICB through the abnormal modulation of dopamin...

Envelope insulation is a relevant technical solution to cut energy consumption and reduce environmental impacts in buildings. Insulation Cork Boards (ICB) are a natural thermal insulation material whose production promotes the recycling of agricultural waste. The aim of this paper is to determine and evaluate the environmental impacts of the production, use, and end-of-life processing of ICB. A...

Editor’s key points † Thoracic epidural analgesia is associated with rare but potentially serious complications. † In the setting of lung surgery single-shot intercostal block (ICB) offers an alternative modality of postoperative regional analgesia. † This study compared PCEA with single-shot ICB combined with PCA. ICB with PCA was not as effective as PCEA with respect to postoperative pain con...

S U M M A R Y The density jump ( ρ ICB) at the inner core boundary (ICB) is an important constraint on the dynamics and history of the Earth’s core. Two types of seismological data sensitive to ρ ICB have been studied since the 1970s: free oscillation eigenfrequencies and the amplitudes of core reflected phases (PKiKP/PcP). The preliminary reference earth model (PREM) of Dziewonski & Anderson, ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In randomized trials, patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) receiving dabigatran, a direct oral anticoagulant, had lower risk of intracranial bleeding (ICB) than those on warfarin. However, concerns exist about potential worse outcomes in dabigatran users if bleeding occurs, given the lack of approved reversal agents. Thus, we examined in-hospital mortality in AF patient...

OBJECTIVES We studied the efficacy of intracoronary brachytherapy (ICB) after successful coronary stenting in diabetic patients with de novo lesions. BACKGROUND Intracoronary brachytherapy has proven effective in preventing recurrences in patients with in-stent restenosis. However, the role of ICB for the treatment of de novo coronary stenoses remains controversial. METHODS Ninety-two patie...

Therapeutic blocking of the PD1 pathway results in significant tumor responses, but resistance is common. We demonstrate that prolonged interferon signaling orchestrates PDL1-dependent and PDL1-independent resistance to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and to combinations such as radiation plus anti-CTLA4. Persistent type II interferon signaling allows tumors to acquire STAT1-related epigenomic...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to review our experience and demonstrate the safety of intracavitary brachytherapy (ICB) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). METHODS Hundred seventy-eight patients with early T1-2b disease underwent radical external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) followed by ICB boost. The primary tumor received 66 Gy of EBRT over 33 fractions using 6 or 10 MV ...