OBJECTIVE To investigate intracranial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) distribution in patients with a clinical diagnosis of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (INPH). METHODS 24 patients with a clinical diagnosis of INPH were studied. Control groups comprised 17 patients with secondary normal pressure hydrocephalus (SNPH), 21 patients with brain atrophy, and 18 healthy volunteers. Ventricular...

In the present study, we investigated the effects of acute intracerebroventricular (icv) insulin administration on central mechanisms regulating urinary sodium excretion in simultaneously centrally NG-nitro-L-arginine methylester (L-NAME)-injected unanesthetized rats. Male Wistar-Hannover rats were randomly assigned to one of five groups: a) icv 0.15 M NaCl-injected rats (control, N = 10), b) i...

PURPOSE The purpose of the study is to explore effect of 6 weeks treadmill exercise on brain insulin signaling and β-amyloid(Aβ). METHODS The rat model of Alzheimer's disease(AD) used in the present study was induced by the intracerebroventricular(ICV) streptozotocin(STZ). To produce the model of animal with AD, STZ(1.5mg/kg) was injected to a cerebral ventricle of both cerebrums of Sprague-D...

The effects of intracerebroventricular (icv) vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), secretin, glucagon, and cholecystokinin-octapeptide (CCK-8) on the thermoregulatory and cardiovascular systems were studied in conscious rats. The icv injection of VIP at a dose of 10 micrograms produced hyperthermia with an increase in the positive difference between the interscapular brown adipose tissue (BA...

The paleoweathering, provenance, and tectonic setting of the source region were determined with compositional geochemical analyses sediments obtained from beach locations Yoyo, Mouanko, Mbiako along central coast Cameroon. are medium to coarse-grained brown light brown. Their mineralogy is dominated by quartz clay minerals a amount feldspars, rutile, goethite, hematite, calcite. Moreover, their...

Our objective was to investigate in conscious Sprague-Dawley (6-8 weeks, 250-300 g) female rats (N = 7 in each group) the effects of intracerebroventricularly (icv) injected adrenomedullin (ADM) on blood pressure and heart rate (HR), and to determine if ADM and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptors, peripheral V1 receptors or the central cholinergic system play roles in these cardiov...

In present study, we investigated the effects of NO modulators (L-arginine and L-NAME) in intracerebroventricular-streptozotocin (ICV-STZ, 3 mg/kg) induced rat model of sporadic AD (sAD). Pre-treatment with L-arginine (100 mg/kg/ip/day) improved ICV-STZ induced cognitive deficit in the Morris water maze (MWM) test when compared to the control (saline) group. Both memory acquisition (escape late...

Protein synthesis inhibitors block consolidation of memory and may also block the reconsolidation of a reactivated memory in paradigms of aversive learning, but the evidence for reconsolidation effects is conflicting in appetitive paradigms. We now report that intra-cerebroventricular (ICV) anisomycin (400microg) prevents consolidation of morphine-induced place preference (CPP), but does not im...

Acute hypoxia produces an increase in ventilation. When the hypoxia is sustained, the initial increase in ventilation is followed by a decrease in ventilation. Hypoxia causes changes in brain neurotransmitters depending on its severity and durations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate for hypoxic ventilatory response in rabbits....

We evaluated whether the brain kallikrein-kinin system plays a role in the regulation of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) release in rats. Intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of bradykinin (0.24 nmol) increased plasma immunoreactive ACTH (irACTH) levels (from 93 +/- 4 to 200 +/- 12 pg/ml, P less than 0.01). This effect was prevented by icv kinin antagonist at 15.4 nmol/h (from 98 +/- 5 to 108 +/-...