We investigate the potential of logic programming (LP) to model morality aspects studied in philosophy and psychology. We do so by identifying three morality aspects that appear in our view amenable to computational modeling by appropriately exploiting LP features: dual-process model (reactive and deliberative) in moral judgments; justification of moral judgments by contractualism; and intentio...

Is classical tragedy contingent upon a Greco-Roman sense of morality? Or can tragedy exist within a Judeo-Christian universe as well? Literary critic Northrop Frye’s theory of high-mimetic tragedy inherits distinctions that Aristotle draws between tragedy and comedy in the Poetics. As a brief philological excursion will demonstrate, the binary distinctions upon which Aristotle builds his tragic...

Evolutionary theory was applied to Reeder and Brewer's schematic theory and Trafimow's affect theory to extend this area of research with five new predictions involving affect and ability attributions, comparing morality and ability attributions, gender differences, and reaction times for affect and attribution ratings. The design included a 2 (Trait Dimension Type: HR, PR) × 2 (Behavior Type: ...

When autonomous agents are deployed in some field where moral dilemmas may arise, the need for imbuing them with some capacity of moral decision making becomes indispensable. Computational morality has emerged to address this issue, bringing together perspectives from different areas, including artificial intelligence. This PhD research investigates further the appropriateness of logic programm...

Tort scholarship on the law of negligence has long been torn between two competing conceptions. One of these conceptions—the justice conception—holds that negligence law is (and should be) an articulation of our ordinary moral conceptions of agency and responsibility, carelessness and wrongdoing, harm and reparation. The other conception—the economic conception—holds that the law of negligence ...

The purpose of this study was to explore the moderating effects of work beliefs in the relationship between work interruptions and general health, wellbeing and reports of psychosomatic symptoms. Self-report data were gathered from 310 employees from different occupational sectors. Results revealed that beliefs in hard work and morality ethic moderated the positive appraisal of work interruptio...

The relationship between religion and morality has long been hotly debated. Does religion make us more moral? Is it necessary for morality? Do moral inclinations emerge independently of religious intuitions? These debates, which nowadays rumble on in scientific journals as well as in public life, have frequently been marred by a series of conceptual confusions and limitations. Many scientific i...

To investigate whether the theory of evolutionary ethics is a valid explanation for the existence of ethical behaviour, we approach the ethical issues of morality from a computational point-of-view. We define a model of multi-agent societies, in which agents are able to evolve a moral sense. In the model, moral sense is defined by every agent’s personal set of rules, which determines its intera...

Nodes in ad hoc networks generally transmit data at regular intervals over long periods of time. Recently, ad hoc network nodes have been built that run on little power and have very limited memory. Authentication is a significant challenge in ad hoc networks, even without considering size and power constraints. Expounding on idealized hashing, this paper examines lower bounds for ad hoc broadc...

Richard Joyce, who believes that morality is globally mistaken in making normative claims on people that do not wholly derive from their own desires or institutional commitments (2001, 2006a), in his chapter defends ethics from more piecemeal undermining by neuroscience while suggesting that it will be undermined globally in other ways. My perspective is very different. I think that while some ...