A new measure of implicit theories or beliefs regarding the traitedness versus contextuality of behavior was developed and tested across cultures. In Studies 1 (N = 266) and 2 (N = 266), these implicit beliefs dimensions were reliably measured and replicated across U.S. college student samples and validity evidence was provided. In Study 3, their structure replicated well across an individualis...

Today, there are countless approaches towards characterising complexity classes via logic. Foremost amongst these lies the proof-theoretic approach, characterising classes as the ‘representable’ functions of some logic or theory. Examples include bounded arithmetic [6] [13] [9], applicative theories [7] [12], intrinsic and ramified theories [16] [4], fragments of linear logic [11] [10] [14] [1]...

Until recently, most research on cognitive processes and drug abuse has focused on theories and methods of explicit cognition. When explicit cognition is assessed, people are asked directly to introspect about the causes of their behavior, usually through traditional questionnaires. It may be questioned, however, to what extent such methods reflect fundamental aspects of human cognition and mot...

University instructors’ goals for teaching are important quality. However, studies examining factors that shape goal adoption lacking. Using data from 785 instructors, we investigated whether implicit theories (ITs) about the malleability of intelligence constitute one such factor. Following achievement theory (AGT) and Dweck’s motivation framework, analysed differences in attributable to ITs, ...

Abstract This article discusses the conceptualization, measurement, and validity of a recently emerged construct in field second language acquisition (SLA)—implicit aptitude (alternatively “implicit aptitude”). Implicit is set cognitive abilities that enable learners to make unconscious computations distributional transitional probabilities linguistic input. key an accurate understanding founda...