OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To determine the tolerability of xylitol mixed with water as a nasal irrigant and to evaluate whether xylitol nasal irrigation results in symptomatic improvement of subjects with chronic rhinosinusitis. STUDY DESIGN A prospective, randomized, double-blinded, controlled crossover pilot study. METHODS Twenty subjects were instructed to perform sequential 10-day courses o...

Investigation of different irrigation methods on plants is necessary due to limited water resources and the increasing need for food products. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of sprinkler and drip irrigation systems and hormones on morphological and physiological characteristics of potato. Treatments included sprinkler and drip irrigation systems and hormones (gibbere...

BACKGROUND Root canal irrigation carries a risk of extrusion of irrigant into the periapical tissues which can be associated with pain, swelling, and tissue damage. Studies have shown less extrusion with sonic or apical negative pressure devices compared with syringe and side-port needle or passive ultrasonic irrigation with continuous irrigant flow. This study aimed to evaluate the effectivene...

Film hole irrigation is an advanced low-cost and high-efficiency irrigation method, which can improve water conservation and water use efficiency. Given its various advantages and potential applications, we conducted a laboratory study to investigate the effects of soil texture, bulk density, initial soil moisture, irrigation depth, opening ratio (ρ), film hole diameter (D), and spacing on cumu...

information required to benchmark yields. These include Growers, breeders and policy makers require benchmarks to measure performance in regard to management of the crop, genetic improvement and prospects for investment and employment. Cropping systems are difficult to benchmark because of the unpredictable nature of the climate. In this paper previous attempts to benchmark sugarcane production...

Under surface irrigation, particularly in clay soils cut-off technique is considered as one of the most practical way in saving irrigation water that traditional farmers could be easily implemented. Such farming way is processing through find out the optimum length of irrigation run at which watering should be stopped instead of irrigation till the tail end of the furrows or borders. Such proce...

Crop and irrigation water use efficiencies may be improved by managing irrigation application timing and volumes using physical and agronomic principles. However, the crop water requirement may be spatially variable due to different soil properties and genetic variations in the crop across the field. Adaptive control strategies can be used to locally control water applications in response to in...

high efficiency and uniformity of water and fertilizer application are usually, considered as the ultimate goals of an appropriate design and management of irrigation and fertigation systems. the objective followed in this paper was to present a simulation-optimization model for alternate vs. conventional furrow fertigation. two simulation models (surface fertigation and swms-2d models) along w...