the prevalence of exercise induced asthma (eia) in iran is not known. in the present study the  prevalence of  eia  among female students  of  guidance school  in the  city of mashhad was evaluated. a total of 1690 female students aged 12-14 years in ten randomly selected schools in north east of iran (mashhad) completed an asthma symptoms- specific questionnaire. one hundred forty four randoml...

background: insomnia, which is difficulty in initiating and maintaining sleep, is a very common experience for many people. considering the increasing interest in medicinal plants in the past decade, many plants such as coriandrum sativum, salvia leriifolia, salvia reuterana and stachys lavanduli folia have been used in iranian traditional medicine to abate insomnia. objective: the present stud...

in this study, mass, stiffness and damping matrices of the nosrat jacket; located in persian gulf; equipped with semi active tuned mass damper (satmd) system have been derived after modeling the structure in sacs software. owing to huge number of the degrees of freedom in the model, computation of on-line control of satmd was time consuming. for this purpose, the size of the model was reduced i...

background contrast-induced nephropathy (cin) is one of the most important complications of angiography in patients with chronic kidney disease (ckd) or diabetes mellitus. the prevention of cin can decrease therapeutic costs and hospital stays. there is controversy in the literature over the preventive effect of statins on cin. objectives this study was designed to evaluate the preventive effec...

research on assessing craving in laboratory settings often involves inducing and then measuring craving in subjects. cue-induced craving is studied in laboratory settings using the cue reactivity paradigm, in which drug-related photos, videos, evocative scripts, olfactory cues, and paraphernalia may induce craving. cue-induced craving evoked by drug-related stimuli could be associated with rela...

gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) is an important inhibitory transmitter in central nervous system and is involved in pathophysiology of epilepsy. pentylenete-trazole (ptz), a convulsant agent, partly acts via anion channel of gabaa receptor. ivermectin, an antiparasitic agent and a gabaa agonist, has anticonvulsant effect in animal seizure models. cholestasis increases the threshold of ptz-induce...

introduction: it has been shown that low levels of pigmentation increase susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss in humans. for this reason, white populations develop more pronounced noise- induced hearing loss in comparison to black populations. similarly, blue-eyed individuals exhibit greater temporary threshold shift than brown-eyed subjects; still, no strong correlation has been verifi...

in this study, laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (libs) is used for qualitative analysis of healthy and carious teeth. the technique of laser ablation is receiving increasing attention for applications in dentistry, specifically for the treatment of teeth such as drilling of micro-holes and plaque removal. in the process of ablation a luminous micro-plasma is normally generated which may be ...

health economists look towards health care sector as a market whereby there is a distinct demand and supply phenomenon exists. dearth of regulation of the doctors' practices lead to inappropriate and unjustifiable demand for health care among the patients. in developing and under-developed countries, this adverse practice may push a poor family into a vicious circle of poverty and illness, espe...

background: the definitive endoderm (de) differentiation using the undefined media and non-human feeders can cause contaminations in the generated cells for therapeutic applications. therefore, generating safer and more appropriate de cells is needed. this study compared five different methods to establish an appropriate method for inducing an efficient de differentiation from human induced plu...