BACKGROUND Warfarin sodium is highly effective for prevention of embolic stroke, particularly in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, but its expected benefit can be offset by risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We studied the determinants of ICH outcome to quantify the independent effect of warfarin. METHODS Consecutive patients with supratentorial ICH treated in a tertiary care hospital wit...

OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that the effect of antithrombotic medications on the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) varies according to the location of the hematoma. METHODS Consecutive patients with ICH were enrolled as part of the Multicenter Study on Cerebral Hemorrhage in Italy (MUCH-Italy). Multivariable logistic regression models served to examine whether risk factors for ICH a...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is associated with high mortality and neurological deficits, and concurrent hyperglycemia usually worsens clinical outcomes. Aquaporin-4 (AQP-4) is important in cerebral water movement. Our aim was to investigate the role of AQP-4 in hyperglycemic ICH. METHODS Hyperglycemia was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ; 6...

Stroke is a medical emergency with a mortality rate higher than most forms of cancer. It is the second leading cause of death in developed countries and the most common cause of serious, long-term disability in adults.Primary intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a major clinical problem that accounts for 15% of all acute stroke hospitalizations. Currently, there is no medical therapy available for...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for approximately 10% of stroke cases. Hypertension may play a role in the pathogenesis of ICH that occurs in the basal ganglia, thalamus, pons, and cerebellum, but not in that of lobar ICH. Hypertension contributes to decreased elasticity of arteries, thereby increasing the likelihood of rupture in response to acute elevation in in...

Presently, no pharmacological treatments have been demonstrated to improve long-term functional outcomes following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Clinical evidence associates apolipoprotein E (apoE) genotype with ICH incidence and outcome. While apoE modifies neuroinflammatory responses through its adaptive role in glial downregulation, intact apoE holoprotein is too large to cross the blood-b...

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating disease without effective treatment. After ICH, the immediate infiltration of leukocytes and activation of microglia are accompanied by a rapid up-regulation of the 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO). TSPO ligands have shown anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties in models of CNS injury. In this study, we determined the impact of a TSPO ...

Background: Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage or hemorrhagic stroke is one of the leading causes mortality and disability in Indonesia, but until now there no specific therapy for this disease. The (ICH) score a widely used predictive tool prognosis death 30 days after spontaneous hemorrhage, hemorrhage-grading scale (ICH-GS) has more interval to assess prediction hemorrhage. Rumah Sakit Isl...

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is more than twice as common as subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and is much more likely to result in death or major disability than cerebral infarction or SAH.1 Although .315 randomized clinical therapeutic trials for acute ischemic stroke and 78 trials for SAH were complete or ongoing (oral communication, Cochrane Collaboration, May 16, 1995) as of 1995, only the r...

Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) in regions remote from the initial intracranial operation site is rare. The mechanism of ICH following cranial surgery remains unclear, although several theories have been proposed. Most of the reports describe cerebellar hemorrhages after supratentorial procedures or supratentorial hemorrhages after infratentorial procedures. Remote supratentorial hemorrhage (RSH)...