Small farms and smallholder farming systems play crucial roles in agricultural development in many developing countries. From the various rural development programs designed to support such farming systems, agricultural extension services are of at most importance. However, the benefit that farmers obtain from these services and the resulting impact depends, to a great extent, by their direct a...

the support of agricultural sector is adopted in various countries of the globe through different means and mostly with the aims such as increasing farmers incomes, protecting domestic products, ending dependence (on foreign goods), augmenting employment and reducing poverty. this paper tries to survey the support policies in agricultural sector in different countries as far as their components...

Sustaining innovation for development requires rethinking the notion of the poor as passive beneficiaries of the products of others’ innovation. Recent thinking in development studies and in the literature on innovation points to the need for the poor to be active participants in the innovation process, a view that has independently gained ground through grassroots innovation networks. This pap...

On the basis of elaborating the process of institutional change of Chinese agricultural land and by reference to the State Theory of North, the article analyzes constituent functions for institutional activities by the state for its realization of maximization of utility and further the role of the state in the process of institutional change of Chinese agricultural land.

This paper examines the impact of institutional change on the implementation of China’s integrated urban-rural development strategy in the period 1981–2010. The findings indicate that governmental investment in rural areas and the development of non-agricultural industries in the countryside in fact contributed positively to the integration of urban-rural development in the period studied. The ...

the interest for the spatial dimensions of agricultural development has been recently increased. this paper aimed at redefining the spatial patterns of agriculture to formulate appropriate strategies based on regional potentials. a composite agricultural development indicator (cadi), which is useful for the identification of spatial structure, has been developed. the developed composite index (...

Most formal research in support of agricultural development has focused on the alleviation of farm-level productivity constraints, with problem diagnosis often occurring through a single disciplinary lens. There is a strong push within national and international arenas to move toward broader units of analysis and intervention, including the landscape, catchment and watershed. However, there is ...

The most effective approach to agricultural technology promotion and innovation is still a source of considerable debate, and nowhere more so than in the context of agricultural engineering hardware. Contemporary perspective on agricultural innovation stress the importance of institutional change and give emphasis to the need to develop innovation capacity in systems terms rather address limita...