background and purpose: multiple choice tests are the most common type of tests used in evaluating the general english knowledge of the students in most medical universities, however the efficacy of these tests are not examined precisely. we compare and examine the integrative tests and discrete point tests as   measures of the english language knowledge of medical students. methods: three test...

the aim of this study was to empirically investigate the effect of death-awareness on state mindfulness and state integrative self-knowledge. for existentialists, confrontation with the fact of one’s personal death and tolerance of its inevitable anxiety is the most fundamental conflict of human beings. if such confrontation occurs, it leads to enhancement of one’s self-awareness. empirical tes...

This study concerns the comparison of three approaches to assessment: Data-Driven Decision Making, Assessment for Learning, and Diagnostic Testing. Although the three approaches claim to be beneficial with regard to student learning, no clear study into the relationships and distinctions between these approaches exists to date. The goal of this study was to investigate the extent to which the t...

ISHS XXXI International Horticultural Congress (IHC2022): Symposium on Integrative Approaches to Product Quality in Fruits and Vegetables A virtual fruit model simulate water deficit effects solutes accumulation the consequences quality