Sequence-specific binding of STAT1 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 1) transcription factor to palindromic promoter elements, termed γ-activated sites (GAS), and an extended spatial reorientation between two dimer configurations are key events in the interferon signaling pathway. Although the DNA-binding domain of STAT1 is engaged in both processes, how the conformational chang...

We present a remodeling method for high-affinity unnatural-base DNA aptamers to augment their thermal stability and nuclease resistance, for use as drug candidates targeting specific proteins. Introducing a unique mini-hairpin DNA provides robust stability to unnatural-base DNA aptamers generated by SELEX using genetic alphabet expansion, without reducing their high affinity. By this method, >8...

background: although the imbalance of cytokines in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (hnscc) is well known, there is scarce data regarding its occurrence during dysplasia, before the malignant transformation. objective: to determine whether laryngeal dysplasia patients show a different cytokine profile than patients with cancer and healthy controls. methods: seventeen newly diagnosed, untre...

STAT-3 and STAT-1 signaling have opposite effects in oncogenesis with STAT-3 acting as an oncogene and STAT-1 exerting anti-oncogenic activities through interferon-γ and interferon-α. The cytokine IL-6 promotes oncogenesis by stimulation of NFκB and STAT-3 signaling. Curcuminoids have bi-functional effects by blocking NFκB anti-apoptotic signaling but also blocking anti-oncogenic STAT-1 signali...

objective: in this study, we sought to better understand the immunoregulatory function of stem cells derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (shed). we studied the role of the interferon gamma (ifn-γ)-indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (ido)-axis in immunoregulation of shed compared to bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (bmmscs) under the same conditions. materials and methods: in this c...

background chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection is a multifactorial disease that can result in serious clinical complications. host genetic background especially the genes that encode immunologic factors like inf-γ and its receptor (ifn-γ r) are critical in the pathogenesis of infection. materials and methods genomic dna from peripheral blood samples of 200 chronically hbv infected patient...

conclusions acute hev infection shows a pattern of th1-type immune response, and the direct significant positive correlation between the serum level of scd26 and ifn-γ in acute hev infected patients, suggests that the trend of scd26 levels is a valuable marker for predicting hepatic inflammation in hepatitis e. results the results showed a significant difference in ifn-γ and scd26 (p < 0.0001 a...

Abstract Cryptosporidium species are intracellular parasites that infect intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) and the rapid cycle of growth, cell lysis reinfection every 12 hours can cause severe enteric disease in young or immunocompromised patients. Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) has a crucial role protective immunity mice with an IEC-specific deletion IFN-γ receptor (IFN-γR ΔIEC) highly susceptible to in...