BACKGROUND Interferon-induced 35-kDa protein (IFP35) plays important roles in antiviral defense and the progression of some skin cancer diseases. It can be induced by interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in multiple human cells. However, the mechanisms by which IFN-γ contributes to IFP35 induction remain to be elucidated. METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We identified the transcription start sites of IFP35 by 5' r...

background: the alteration of th1 and th2 cytokine levels is the subject of controversy in pleural effusions caused by malignancy, a situation that favors a th2 immune response. objective: to examine the different levels of il-4 and il-10 (th2 cytokines), and il-2 and interferon-γ (ifn-γ) (th1 cytokines) in malignant and non-malignant pleural effusions. method: the cytokine levels in pleural fl...

a plant viral vector engineered from an in vivo infectious clone of zucchini yellow mosaic virus(zymv) was used to express the human interferon-gamma (inf-γ) in planta. the inf-γ gene was in frame inserted between the p1 and hc-pro orfs of the zymv vector. the infectious activity of the vector was approved by rubbing the plasmid on chenopodium quino a and observing local lesions. individual les...