Most previous studies of difficulties in learning a second/foreign language focused on sources learner errors caused by cross-linguistic differences various levels linguistic structure, but most such remain at rather superficial level description. This study explores an abstract studying the nature and activity bilingual mental lexicon during interlanguage production. The is defined as containi...

The complexity of the writing skill, low literacy skills, interlanguage errors, language proficiency, lack critical thinking, poor information and second (L2) anxiety, which is supported by two-semester course performance analysis, result in skill among one Malaysian universities' undergraduates.

l2 research has shown that instruction in l2 pragmatics is necessary. the current study evaluated the impact of explicit instruction on efl learner's awareness and production of three speech acts of request, apology, and complaint. it also probed whether learners’ language proficiency plays any role in incorporating pragmatic instruction into the l2 classroom. iranian undergraduate student...

The purpose of this study is to find a practical solution for improving writing skill among Iranian high school learners of EFL. The main question was whether pragmatics had any priority over traditional methods in improving writing or not.  Forty high school students were selected on the basis of their performance in PET (2009). In addition the following instruments were also used in this quas...

When writing about pragmatics, theoreticians of cartography usually refer to the classic "Foundations of the theory of signs" by Morris (1938). Let me remind that Morris has divided semiotics into three basic branches: semantics, syntactics and pragmatics. Originally semantics was defined as the study of the sign meanings (or of relationships between linguistic forms and entities in the world),...

This study adopts two assumptions about abstract lexical structure. One is that structure modular: information organized into subsystems pointing to different levels of linguistic structure, and parts can be split recombined. The other concerns the sources morphemes actually occurring in surface strings. As commonly recognized, contains three levels: lexical-conceptual predicate-argument morpho...