In this paper, we present a new approach to the syntax and semantics of wh-questions. On the basis of an appropriate type hierarchy whose members model contributions of lexical items to sentence mood, we introduce a head-interrogative schema that licences wh-sentences syntactically and contributes the semantic interrogative operator. This syntactic basis allows the compositional construction of...

Introduction To know the meaning of a declarative sentence is to know what the world should be like for the sentence to be true. To know the meaning of an interrogative sentence is to know what information is needed to resolve it. Like the meaning of a declarative sentence is equated with its truth-conditions—and identified with the set of worlds satisfying these conditions—the meaning of an in...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of recasting on the biocompatibility of a commercially available Ni-Cr alloy. METHODS The alloy tested was cast and subsequently recast four more times. For each cast condition, 24 disk shaped specimens were fabricated (5 mm in diameter, 0.5 mm in thickness). All the recasting was performed without adding new alloy. After the first cast and following each rec...

Based on the controversial beliefs among L2 teachers about effective corrective feedback (CF) strategies, recast and prompts as 2 kinds of CF have drawn the attention of L2 researchers(e.g., Braidi, 2002; Iwashita, 2003; Loewen & Philp, 2006; Panova & Lyster, 2002; Sheen, 2004). Despite these numbers of studies, debate continues to exist about their usefulness as a CF technique. Whereas recasts...

This study investigated the possible relationship between educational context and English Language Teaching (ELT) teachers’ corrective feedback preference. To this end, 42 Iranian EEFL teachers from some private language institutes and 39 Iranian EFL teachers from different schools in Shiraz, Iran participated in the study. The Questionnaire for Corrective Feedback Approaches (QCFAs) was ...

recent interaction studies havefocused on the relationship between interactional feedback and l2 development.despite the large body of knowledge in this regard, few studies have examinedlearners’ preferences for interactional feedback. besides, different findingshave been reported concerning learners’ preferences for feedback and none hasexamined the factors accounting for the variation in the ...

In (1), it is shown that believe can, but know cannot, license the entailment from x Vs the rumor that p to x Vs that p (Vendler 1972, Ginzburg 1995). As I will argue in detail below, in the standard assumption that know has a proposition-taking denotation, an additional stipulation will be needed to block whatever the mechanism that licenses the entailment of believe in the case of know. In th...

Many reordering approaches have been proposed for the statistical machine translation (SMT) system. However, the information about the type of source sentence is ignored in the previous works. In this paper, we propose a group of novel reordering models based on the source sentence type for Chinese-toEnglish translation. In our approach, an SVM-based classifier is employed to classify the given...

We present a novel calculus for reasoning with both indicative and interrogative sentences, simultaneously modeling entailment between indicative sentences, entailment between interrogative sentences and answerhood relations. The logic is based on an interpretation of questions as entities of type t, the type of propositions. This is achieved by an algebraic reinterpretation of the domain of ty...

In this paper, we proposed to use the Fujisaki parameter to distinguish between declarative and interrogative intonation in Indonesian speech. Four combinations of Fujisaki parameter were selected as the features to distinguish between declarative and interrogative intonation. The first combination is only the amplitude of last accent command. The second combination consists of the amplitude of...