In this paper the relationship between three types of trade specialization is analyzed for the period 1990 to 2000. For nine East-Asian countries and the United States the developments in international fragmentation, export specialization and intra-industry specialization are investigated. Asian countries, and specifically China, now play a larger role in international trade. The formation of p...

We present an analysis of the intra-industry nature of agri-food trade between Hungary and the European Union, following the Association Agreement signed in 1991. A slight growth in intra-industry trade (IIT) is indicated by the Grubel-Lloyd index. However, it is not uniform by product group or EU member state or over time, reflecting different patterns of bilateral integration and an economic ...

The objective of this study is to provide some empirical evidences on the existence of labor market adjustments according to smooth adjustment hypothesis (SAH) under the impact of intra-industry trade (IIT) considering the Portuguese case over a time span between 1995 and 2006. The main methodological issue of this study consists in showing that it is preferable to use the GMM-System approach w...

In this paper theoretical and empirical models of intra-industry trade are developed in which economic activities, based on measurement and an associated measurement infrastructure, play a role in creating product variety. The paper discusses how the measurement infrastructure which includes institutions conducting metrological research and standard setting organization reduces transactions cos...

This paper the presents pattern and determinants of intra-industry trade (IIT) in Australian manufacturing since the late 1970s. The results point to a sharp rise in IIT from the mid 1980s which appears to be linked with an outward-oriented policy. Industry level analysis indicates that industries which experienced a sharp fall in protection are the industries with the higher levels of IIT. The...

M ERCHANDISE trade is by far the best documented aspect of international economic relations. Trade data therefore offer a rich source of information on patterns and shifts in the allocation of economic activity around the globe. In this paper I describe global merchandise trade flows through the lens of intra-industry trade (IIT) indices, which quantify the extent to which bilateral imports and...

This paper develops a simple multi-country model with imperfect labour markets to study the effect of labour market frictions – reflected in the compression of the gap in factor returns of capital versus labour – on bilateral trade flows. We use a framework that allows for goods trade and capital mobility and show that labour market imperfections exert opposite effects in the absence (the short...

It is generally admitting that specialization and integration do not evolved in the same direction. The analysis of sectoral production in European countries in this paper shows the contrary. Simulation of cross spectrum functions and panel estimation of cointegration relationship between sectoral GDP show that spillover e¤ects of trade are important within a country but also between countries ...