In reality, a seller (e.g., a supplier or a manufacturer) frequently offers his/her buyers trade credit (e.g., permissible delay in payment). Trade credit reduces the buyer's holding cost of inventory and hence attracts new buyers who consider it to be a type of price reduction. On the other hand, granting trade credit also increases the seller's opportunity cost (i.e., the loss of capital oppo...

Fundamentally, newborn items that are used commercially, such as chicken, fish, and small camel, grow day by in size also increase their weight. The seller offers a credit policy to the buyer sales for particular growing item (fish), this paper, it is assumed accepts of trade credit. In acquires (fish) from then sells them when have increased From point view, present paper reveals fuzzy-based s...

Trade credit has many forms in today’s business practice. The most common form of trade credit policy that is used to encourage retailers to buy larger quantities is order-size dependent. When the number of ordered units exceeds the capacity of the own warehouse, an additional rented warehouse is required to store the excess units. Therefore, to incorporate the concept of order-size dependent t...

Trade credit is an increasingly important payment behavior in real business transactions. To reduce nonpayment risks, a supplier/retailer frequently offers partial trade credit to its credit risk downstream member who must pay a portion of the purchase amount at the time of placing an order and then receives a permissible delay on the rest of the outstanding amount. This paper develops an EPQ m...

A typical discrete-time sequential decision problem involves a system whose state is assumed to evolve either deterministically or probabilistically over time-periods that are often called stages. This evolution is affected by the decisions a planner makes at the beginning of each stage after observing the system state. The decision maker’s goal then is to optimize some measure of system perfor...