Amnonium ion is effectively removed by Reverse Osmosis membranes (Brackish water, BW; Saline water, SW). The removal efficiency of ammonium ion from a solution containing ammonium ion which is not complexed is varying in the range of 5–60%. On the contrary, ammonium ion forms complexes with other ions in water and wastewater removal efficiency was as high as 99% for the synthetic solution which...

Implementing high-performance silicon (Si) anode in actual processing and application is highly desirable for next-generation, high-energy Li-ion batteries. However, high content of inactive matrix (including conductive agent binder) often indispensable order to ensure local conductivity suppress pulverization tendency Si particles, which thus cause great capacity loss based on the mass whole e...

Ion channels are naturally occurring pores through the proteins that regulate the passage of ions and thus maintain the concentration of ions inside and outside the cell. The ion channels control many physiological functions and they can show selectivity for a specific ion. Ion channels are mostly observed in nerve cells and muscle cells. The influx of ions into cells can be regulated by a gate...

the ion-pair association constant values, related to the reaction +  were determined by means of the nmr spectroscopy. the values of the thermodynamic functions of the ion pairing process were calculated on the basis of the nmr results. in addition, the association entropy was found to be dependent on the temperature. comparing the experimental data and the fuoss theory it is found that  ion-pa...

A multiscale simulation is presented to study the proton-conducting polyelectrolyte membrane Nafion for a fuel cell. Firstly, the mesoscopic structure of the hydrated Nafion membrane was predicted by dissipative particle dynamics simulation. In this method, a molecular structure is represented using a coarse-grained model, and the interaction parameters are estimated by calculating the energy o...