Transdermal iontophoresis would be a promising method for the systemic delivery of water soluble and ionic drugs of relatively high molecular size, including peptides. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of biological variable such as guinea pig and human cadaver skin and other variables like drug concentration, current density on the transdermal iontophoretic trans...

One of the main criteria for the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis of the pancreas is the presence of a raised sweat sodium level in the patient (Di Sant' Agnese, Darling, Perera, and Shea, 1953). The standard method of using pilocarpine iontophoresis to produce sweat (Gibson and Cooke, 1959), and estimating the sodium present by conductivity or flame photometry, is a workable technique but has some...

Iontophoresis uses a current to eject solution from the tip of a barrel formed from a pulled glass capillary and has been employed as a method of drug delivery for neurochemical investigations. Much attention has been devoted to resolving perhaps the greatest limitation of iontophoresis, the inability to determine the concentration of substances delivered by ejections. To further address this i...

OBJECTIVES Our aim was to perform a pilot study to investigate whether iontophoresis of acetic acid, followed by ultrasound, might be a safe and effective treatment for systemic sclerosis (SSc)-related calcinosis. This combination treatment has been used in other calcifying disorders. METHODS Three female patients (ages 51, 62 and 59 yr) were studied. Each underwent treatment nine times over ...

Delivering medicine to the general circulation through the skin is associated with grater advantages compared to that by the oral route and hence the purpose of this investigation was to study the potential of rosiglitazone maleate for transdermal delivery using passive diffusion and iontophoresis. Physicochemical parameters of rosiglitazone maleate like solubility, pKa, octanol/vehicle and ski...

AIM To investigate whether desensitization to the vasomotor effects of noradrenaline is a specific effect of electrical stimulation. METHODS Three sites on the forearm of 10 healthy volunteers were stimulated with 0.2 mA direct current for 2 min twice daily for 10 days. Noradrenaline and histamine were then displaced from ring-shaped iontophoresis chambers into two of the pretreated sites and...

BACKGROUND Despite success of thoracic sympathectomy (ETS), there are patients that develop postoperatively intensive sweating of the trunk. The aim of the study was to present outcomes of three of those methods: removal of the clips, clipping of T6-9, and regional abdomino-lumbar iontophoresis (RALI). METHODS Out of the group of 229 patients treated with ETS, there were 9 that requested remo...