The purpose of the present study was to explore the passive and electrically assisted transdermal transport of Granisetron hydrochloride (GRA) in solution and gel formulation through iontophoresis and also the feasibility of delivering therapeutic amounts of drug for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. In this study, iontophoretic permeation of GRA through guinea pig...

Previous studies of NMDA receptor (NMDAR) expression on axons of cerebellar molecular layer interneurons have produced conflicting results. We made use of the calcium sensitivity of vesicular release machinery to test for NMDAR activity in basket cell axons. Iontophoresis of l-aspartate, an NMDAR agonist, onto basket cell axon collaterals had no effect on evoked IPSCs measured in synaptically c...

INTRODUCTION Tendinitis affects a substantial number of people in several occupations involving repetitive work or direct trauma. Iontophoresis is a therapeutic alternative used in the treatment of injury during the inflammatory phase. In recent years, gold nanoparticles (GNP) have been studied due to their therapeutic anti-inflammatory capacity and as an alternative to the transport of several...

Iontophoresis utilizes electrical current to non-invasively deliver agents through the skin. This pilot study sought determine if iontophoresis could be paired with laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) administer adrenergic and cholinergic agonists measure subsequent changes in cutaneous blood flow. We hypothesized that administration would produce vascular tone consistent those seen during other deli...

Multiple daily injections of insulin for diabetes cause many hazards diabetic patients. Oral noninvasive delivery could be more convenient and less painful than parenteral route. In past decades transdermal iontophoresis had been studied across the skin with or without chemical permeation enhancers. However, results these studies were not efficacious serum levels therapeutically effective. pres...

This study investigated the possibility of simultaneously extracting glucose and lactate from human subjects, at the same skin location, using transdermal reverse iontophoresis. Transdermal monitoring using iontophoresis is made possible by the skin's permeability to small molecules and the nanoporous and microporous nature of the structure of skin. The study was intended to provide information...

Ruthenium (Ru) complexes have been studied as promising anticancer agents. Ru nitrosyl complex (Ru-NO) is one which acts as a pro-drug for the release of nitric oxide (NO). The Ru-aqueous complex formed by the exchange of NO for a water molecule after NO release could also possess therapeutic effects. This study evaluates the influence of iontophoresis on enhancing the skin penetration of Ru-NO...

Iontophoresis was used for a non-invasive administration of the agonist histamine. Flares and weals areas were measured after 1%, 0.01% and 0.0001% histamine solution iontophoresis (30 s, 1.4 mA/cm2). There was no clear-cut correlation between area and concentration. 0.0001% histamine solution iontophoresis induced only a vanishing redness. When a typical weal developed ( 1% and 0.01% histamine...

The intradermal delivery of an antisense oligonucleotide was examined by iontophoresis. In this experiment, the antisense sequence of [(32)P]-labeled phosphodiester oligonucleotide ([(32)P]D-oligo, 18-mer) hybridizing to mouse interleukin 10 (IL-10) mRNA was used as a model D-oligo. In in vitro iontophoretic experiments, isolated hairless mouse skin was used with a horizontal diffusion cell. Th...