using cross-provinces and panel regressions, this paper investigates the interrelationship between gender equality and fertility in iran for the period 2007-2012. the article attempts to explain the low fertility rate in iran by distinguishing between two types of gender equity, i.e. gender equity in individual-oriented institutions and gender equity in family-oriented institutions. for this pu...

While previous research on the gender division of family labor consistently finds that " gender trumps money, " recent studies of the gender division of parent care report a rather surprising finding – that gender itself is trumped, though not by money but by kin relations. Arguing that most gender division of parent care takes place among brothers and sisters rather than husbands and wives, th...

the present research has been done in response to one question: which approach can help reducing female poverty in region 18 tehran and thus achieving urban sustainable development index? moreover, basis on hypothesis: female job empowering project can effect on economic anti-poverty trend and therefore urban sustainable development. we referred and studied theories related to subject (such as:...

Biological market forces shape patterns of cooperation typical of small-scale human societies that are organized by division of labor based on age and gender. Labor specialization promotes trade, while supply and demand affect the amount individuals exchange for commodities.

Despite their implications for careers, cultural goods and honours in the field of cultural production have rarely been examined as career events by culture researchers. More typically, cultural prizes are examined as they relate to the process of cultural valorization or are used to construct samples of venerated cultural products or producers for subsequent analysis. However, embedding cultur...

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Abstract In this paper we will analyze the value orientation of Romanians, starting from indicators Word Values Survey (is a global network social scientists studying changing values and their impact on political life) which are based change model R. Inglehart (2005). The author configures cultural map world, two axes: traditional versus secular-rational survival self-expression values. Startin...

We empirically investigated the influence of site attributes, proximity to labor, specific industries, and labor force characteristics on the location of employment concentrations. The study focuses on two dimensions of labor force including race and gender. We examined racial and gender disparity by studying concentrated Black, White, male, and female employment. While job opportunities are ex...

In 2014, Erica Briones defended her thesis ‘The Social Construction of Fibromyalgia as a Health Problem from the Perspective of Policies, Professionals and Patients [1]. I had the pleasure of being one of the examiners of her defense. Through her thesis, shemakes several important contributions to knowledge about fibromyalgia. First, she uses an integral approach that incorporates three differe...

The advertising industry has historically legitimatized differences between the sexes by portraying gender norms in both idealized and stereotypical ways. With the media providing insight into acceptable social norms, and with greater visibility of diverse forms of gender expression emerging today, the study sought to explore whether the mass media is welcoming of contemporary understandings of...