ON 6 November 2003, the International Court of Justice delivered its long-awaited judgment in Oil Platforms (Islamic Republic of Iran v. United States of America). The judgment raises important issues relating to both jurisdiction and the law governing the use of force. By way of background, the Court was seised of a claim by Iran and a counterclaim by the USA alleging breaches of their 1955 bi...

All-aqueous emulsions exploit spontaneous liquid-liquid separation and due to their water-based nature are particular advantageous for the biocompatible storage and processing of biomacromolecules. However, the ultralow interfacial tensions characteristic of all-aqueous interfaces represent an inherent limitation to the use of thermally adsorbed particles to achieve emulsion stability. Here, we...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to estimate the economic burden of diabetes mellitus (DM) in Iran from 2009 to 2030. METHODS A Markov micro-simulation (MM) model was developed to predict the DM population size and associated economic burden. Age- and sex-specific prevalence and incidence of diagnosed and undiagnosed DM were derived from national health surveys. A systematic review was pe...

US foreign policy is the important driver of many events and policies at regional international levels. Perhaps importance towards Iran comes from great both countries. Many other policies, as well Iran, which an influential player in a large number issues, especially level, addition to most prominent issue through it interacts with major powers, led by United States America, case Iranian nucle...

China-Iran relations have witnessed a new ascendency. Where ‘Comprehensive Strategic Partnership’ (CSP) is characterized by deepening economic, trade and investment ties, cooperation through Belt Road Initiative shared interests in promoting stability security, it has raised concerns of the international community, especially US. The prime concern regarding shift balance power region. China its...

For the last decades Iran has been playing significant role in Middle Eastern politics. Tehran’s rooted involvement Arab’s political environments provokes tensions and hostilities Arab-Iranian relations. The author believes that historical legacy of interactions still determined some important characteristics In this article investigates nationalism national building process Arab countries Iran...

With worldwide progress, development and diversification come tensions between individual, local, national, global identities, the fight for equality justice opposition to discrimination. Iran is no different, but little has been written about historical, current, future identities of Iran’s ethnic groups. This study looks at Azeris, Kurds, Arabs, Baloch alongside Persian identity, which predom...

This research dealt with the transformations of Iranian-Saudi relations, which witnessed great tension during recent period, as factors those tensions were reviewed and analyzed in detail, this focused on three main axes. The first axis reasons that pushed Saudi-Iranian relations to rapprochement includes recognition Iranian reality a joint dialogue between two parties. second touched led strai...

In this paper we propose a conditional logic IBC to represent iterated belief revision. We define an iterated belief revision system by strengthening the postulates proposed by Darwiche and Pearl [3]. First, following the line of Darwiche and Pearl, we modify AGM postulates to make belief revision a function of epistemic states rather than of belief sets. Then we propose a set of postulates for...